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Blood banking > Introduction -History > Flashcards

Introduction -History Flashcards

1
Q

First patient to be blood transfused.

Reason for death of that person and the 3 human donor.

A

Pope Innocent VII

Incompatibility

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2
Q

It was the first principal obstacle to overcome in blood transfusion.

A

Clotting

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3
Q

Give the problems encountered in blood transfusion in the history.

A 
CIMA -DOD
Clotting
Incompatibility
Methods and devices
Availability and preservatives
Disease transmission
Other transfusion rxns
Circulatory overload
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4
Q

Give the 1st experiment conducted in blood transfusion.

A

Animal-animal
Animal-human
Use of non-blood

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5
Q

Year of first blood transfusion.

A

1492

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6
Q

First documented successful transfusion of human blood to a patient.

What was the disease of the patient.

A

James Blundell

Postpartum hemorrhage - hypovolemic shock (bleeding - low blood volume ; mother gave birth)

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7
Q

How many years have Blundell performed this transfusion?

How many became successful?

A

5 years (1825-1830)

5/10

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8
Q

First anticoagulant to be discovered.

What were the disadvantages?

A

Sodium phosphate (Na3PO4)

  • toxic level was not determined
  • very short shelf life
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9
Q

Person who recommended sodium phosphate as an anticoagulant.

What year?

A

Braxton Hicks

1869

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10
Q

Discovered NSS.

What is NSS?

A

George Hayem

Normal Saline Solution

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11
Q

Discovered ABO blood groups and blood typing.

A

Karl Landsteiner (1901)

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12
Q

Designed the first device in performing transfusions.

A

Edward E. Lindemann (vein to vein transfusion of blood)

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13
Q

What was the invention of Lindemann?

A

Multiple syringes and special cannula

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14
Q

Disadvantages of the invention of Lindemann.

A

Time-consuming and complicated

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15
Q

Designed the syringe-valve apparatus.

How does this device works?

A

Unger

Transfusion from donor to patient by an unassisted physician

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16
Q

Anastomosis

A

Alexis Carell

17
Q

Proposed the use of Sodium Citrate as Ac

A

Hustin (1914)

18
Q

Determined the minimum amount of citrate needed for anticoagulation.

A

Lewisohn

19
Q

He demonstrated the nontoxicity in small amounts of citrate.

A

Lewisohn

20
Q

Proposed the use of AHG using Coombs.

Transcribe AHG.

A

Moreschi

Anti-human globulin

21
Q

Use of AHG.

A

Potenciator/ potenciating medium

- enhance Ag-Ab rxn

22
Q

Introduced a citrate-dextrose solution for blood preservation.

A

Rous and Turner (1916)

23
Q

First director of the blood preservation during world war II.

A

Charles Drew

24
Q

In 1943, ____ and ____ of England introduced the formula for the preservative ACD.

TRANSCRIBE ACD.

A

Loutit and Mollison

Acid-citrate Dextrose

25
Q

Introduced an improved preservative solution, CPD.

Transcribe CPD.

A

Gibson (1957)

Citrate-phosphate-dextrose

26
Q

Replaced ACD and became the standard preservative used for blood storage. Why?

A

CPD ; less toxic

27
Q

First “blood bank”

A

Fantus

28
Q

Discovered molecular structure of hemoglobin.

A

Max Perutz

29
Q

Immunoglobulins involved in BB.

A

IgG (monomeric)
IgM (pentameric)
IgA

30
Q

What is involved in backward typing?

A

Antibodies (Serum)

31
Q

Involved in Forward typing.

A

Antigen (Cells)

32
Q

What is the most immunogenic and most potent antigen.

A

O-antigen

33
Q

Sensitization (“exposure to ag”)

A 
Previously transferred
Previously pregnant (incompatible)
34
Q

Discovered a human red cells antigen which was designated as blood group AB.

A

Von Descatello

35
Q

Volume of whole blood collected and amount for samples shall be.

A

10.5 mL/kg of donor weight

Ex. 110-lb donor =525 mL

36
Q

How often can a donor donate blood?

A

Every 8 weeks

Blood banking (2 decks)

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