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Chemistry > Introduction for organic chemsistry > Flashcards

Introduction for organic chemsistry Flashcards

1
Q

Formula for alkanes

A

Cn H2n+2

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2
Q

Formula for alkenes

A

Cn H2n

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3
Q

Formula for alcohols

A

Cn H2n+1OH

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4
Q

Molecular formula

A

The actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

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5
Q

Empirical formula

A

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

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6
Q

Structural formula

A

The arrangement of atoms in a molecule without showing all the bonds

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7
Q

Skeletal formula

A

Shows the bonds of the carbon skeleton only. Hydrogen and carbon atoms are not shown but functional groups are

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8
Q

Displayed formula

A

Shows the arrangement of atoms showing all the bonds and atoms in the molecule

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9
Q

Homologous series

A

A group of compounds that have the same functional group and general formula

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10
Q

Successive members

A

Increase by CH2

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11
Q

Alkanes

A

Ane eg. Butane

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12
Q

Alkanes branched

A

Alkyl eg. methylbutane

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13
Q

Alkenes

A

ene eg. Butene

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14
Q

Alcohols

A

ol/hydroxy eg. Butanol

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15
Q

Aldehydes

A

al eg. Propanal

Double bond O at the end of the chain

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16
Q

Ketones

A

one eg. Propanone

Double bond O in the middle of the chain

17
Q

Carboxylic acids

A

oic acid eg. Propanoic acid

Ends with COOH

18
Q

Halogenalkanes

A

Fluoro/Chloro/Iodo/Bromo

eg. Bromoethane

19
Q

Cycloalkanes

A

cyclo eg. Cyclohexane

Have the same formula as alkenes

20
Q

Structural isomers

A

Have the same molecular formula but different structural formula

21
Q

Chain isomers

A

Same molecular formula but different arrangement of the carbon skeleton

22
Q

Positional isomers

A

Same molecular formula but different position of the functional group on the carbon skeleton

23
Q

Functional group isomers

A

Same molecular formula but a different functional group

eg. Cycloalkanes and alkenes
Aldehydes and ketones

24
Q

Sterioisomers

A

The same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space

eg. E/Z isomerism

25
Q

How do we get sterioisomers

A

The double C bond and atoms are planar Atoms cant rotate around the bond and is rigid.

Chemistry (4 decks)

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