Introduction And Basics

Question 1

Name the 7 main microorganism groups

Answer 1

Bacteria
Archaea
Protozoa
Virus
Fungi
Animal parasite
Algae

Question 2

Name the overall features of bacteria

Answer 2

• contain a peptidoglycan cell wall that is difficult to penetrate (some bacteria it is thicker than others)
• unicellular
• procreate via binary fission
• use multiple sources for energy (organic inorganic chemicals and photosynthesis)
• contain basic organelles and loose DNA in the centre of the cell
• are prokaryotes that are in the bacteria domain

Question 3

Outline the features of the Archaea domain

Answer 3

• similar to bacteria however evolved to be different
• live in extremes of temperatures and conditions
• do not contain peptidoglycan in cell wall
• no known species that can infect a human
• are prokaryotes and belong to domain Archaea

Question 4

List the features of Fungi

Answer 4

• Belong to domain Eukaryote
• mostly multicellular but yeast is uni
• contain chitin in their walls
• use organic chemistry for energy
• can infect humans

Question 5

Describe the features of Protozoa

Answer 5

• eukaryote
• a single felled organism living either freely on its own or as a parasite
• contains organelles
• malaria caused by Protozoa

Question 6

What are the features of algae?

Answer 6

• a eukaryote
• cellulose wall
• photosynthesis
• Produce oxygen and other organic compounds

Question 7

Describe multicellular Animal Parasites

Answer 7

• eukaryote animals
• multicellular animals
• not always microscopic, but parts of their lifecycle are microscopic

Question 8

Describe the features of a virus

Answer 8

Acellular - lacking a defined cell
- either RNA or DNA but never both
- can only be replicated in a living cell, the cell codes and creates the new virus components
- surrounded by a protein coat
- needs a host to replicate

Question 9

What are the 3 domains of life

Answer 9

Archaea - single cellular and extremes
Bacteria - single cellular
Eukarya - animals and multicellular

Question 10

Name the taxonomy hierarchy

Answer 10

Domain - eukarya or bacteria
Kingdom - 5 kingdoms
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 11

Name the taxonomy hierarchy

Answer 11

Domain - eukarya or bacteria
Kingdom - 5 kingdoms
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species