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M6 > INTRODUCTION & AIRCRAFT MATERIALS FERROUS > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION & AIRCRAFT MATERIALS FERROUS Flashcards

1
Q

A body is said to be perfectly elastic if?

A

If a material can be deformed and then return to its original shape

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2
Q

What are the three forms of simple stress?

A

Compression, tension, shearing

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3
Q

Define “toughness” as a property of material.

A

The ability of a material to be deformed without breaking

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4
Q
  1. The three most important light weight structures in aircraft structure are…….?
A

Aluminium, magnesium and titanium

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5
Q
  1. The selection of materials should be a compromise between what?
A

between the quality of the material to fulfil the requested function and all costs

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6
Q

What are the material characteristics of iron?

A

Density: 7.86 kg/m3 melting point: 1539 degrees C, soft, corrode easily, dense, malleable

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7
Q
  1. How is iron used to manufacture steel?
A

A mix of iron ore and coal (carbon) is heated in a blast furnace to create molten in which steel is then made from

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8
Q
  1. What process is used to make steel less corrosive?
A

It can be made less corrosive by turning it into stainless steel and adding chrome, phosphorous etc

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9
Q

What principle element is used in steel alloy to create hardness?

A

Carbon

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10
Q
  1. What percentage of carbon is present in a low, medium and high carbon steels
A

Low 0-0.3 medium 0.3 – 0.5% and high is 0.5 to 1.5%

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11
Q

What is the purpose of phosphorous as an alloying element?

A

Strength, hardness and corrosion resistance

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12
Q
  1. What system is used to identify steel alloys?
A

AISI or SAE

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13
Q
  1. What is the purpose of tempering in relation to carbon steel?
A

Tempering is used to relieve stress

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14
Q
  1. What heat treatment process is used to make steel soft and ductile?
A

Annealing

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15
Q
  1. What process is used to relieve stress in high strength steel after machining?
A

Normalising

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16
Q
  1. What choice of quenching mediums are there for steel after heat treatment?
A

Water brine and oil

17
Q
  1. What does CRES stand for?
A

Corrosion resistant steel

18
Q
  1. What are the three general groups that stainless steel are divided into based on their structure?
A

Austenite, ferretic, martensitic

19
Q
  1. Name four disadvantages associated with stainless steel.
A

Difficult to cut, Greater coefficient of expansion, not suitable for a high temperature environment e.g engines, experience technicians required and hard to weld.

20
Q
  1. What is “Hydrogen Embrittlement” and what materials does it affect?
A

Hydrogen concentrations react with carbon forming methane and causing cracks

21
Q
  1. If hydrogen embrittlement is suspected what must be done?
A

Heat or oven heating

22
Q
  1. What protective treatments are on offer for ferrous materials other than stainless steel?
A

Galvanic corrosion, case hardening, plating, painting

23
Q

What number series of CRES are known as austenite (non-magnetic)

A

200 & 300

24
Q

What are the disadvantages of CRES.

A 
Difficult to cut
Greater coefficient of expansion
Not suitable in a high temperature environment
Experienced technicians required
Low temperature coefficient
Bends when drilling
25
Q

Austentic steel alloys typically contain what amount of chromium and nickel?

A

18% or more chromium

3.5% to 22% nickel

26
Q

Ferritic 400 series contain how much chromium?

A

15-30%

27
Q

Can martencitic steels be heat treated?

A

Yes

28
Q

What are the benefits of precipitation hardening?

A

Hardened to very high strength

Excellent corrosion resistance

29
Q

What is hydrogen Embrittlement?

A

The hydrogen will migrate to the grain boundaries or voids in the metal. At high temperature hydrogen concentrations react with carbon forming methane and causing cracks.

30
Q

What methods are there to removing hydrogen embrittlement?

A

Re-heating

Pickeling

31
Q

What is galvanic corrosion

A

Galvanic corrosion is corrosion caused by the reaction between two dissimilar metals when placed against each other in an assembly

32
Q

What is case hardening.

A

Case hardening is when a low carbon steel is placed in a carbon rich environment to create a hardened layer around the outside which is hard, durable and load bearing.

33
Q

What is carburising?

A

Carburising produces a thin layer of high carbon steel on the surface of a low carbon steel component.

34
Q

What are the three methods of carburising?

A

Gas - CO2
Pack - charcoal
Liquid - cyanide

M6 (1 decks)

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