Introduction

Question 1

What is History?

Answer 1

• chronological record
• relating to a nation or institution
• explanation of their causes
  *

Question 2

What is meant by History of healing?

Answer 2

• account of healing and medicine over time
• across cultures and civilizations
• limited in scope

Question 3

Define 3 attributes of complementary medicine

Answer 3

• complementary practices and therapies to conventional medicine
• defines itself by what it is not (not reductionist)
• whole medical systems

Question 4

Define Alternative medicine

Answer 4

Non-conventional medicine used
instead of conventional medicine

Question 5

Define Integrative/Integrated Medicine

Answer 5

Partnerships of conventional and
complementary medicine practitioners in
the care of a patient

Question 6

Define 4 aspects of Natural Medicine/Therapies

Answer 6

• existing in nature not made by people
• coming from nature
• no substances or chemicals added
• nothing artificial

Question 7

Define 3 aspects of Holistic Medicine/Healing

Answer 7

• treat the whole person (body, mind, emotions and spirit)
• unbalance in one area affects the whole person
• wellness and vitality vs. fighting illness

Question 8

Define Traditional Medicine (TM)

Answer 8

• knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures
• used in the maintenance of health
• diagnosis and treatment of physical and mental illness.

Question 9

List 4 reasons why CM & TM are used

Answer 9

• it is more affordable
• more closely corresponds to the patient’s ideology
• less paternalistic than allopathic medicine.
• important health care service to persons with and without access to allopathic medicine

Question 10

5 types of CM & TM Practitioners Worldwide

Answer 10

• Traditional/indigenous
• Informally educated
• Vocationally trained or apprenticed
• Online/correspondence trained
• Degreed training with clinical supervision

Question 11

Estimate time in history, standardisation & regulation of conventional medicine?

Answer 11

First half of 20th Century

Question 12

What is evidence based medicine?

Answer 12

• integrating individual clinical expertise
• best available clinical evidence from systematic research

Question 13

3 aspects of evidence-based medicine

Answer 13

1. presupposes an interpretive paradigm
2. patient as experiencing illness in a unique and contextual way
3. clinician can draw on all aspects of evidence

Question 14

Evidence-based evidence, clinician, 3 aspects of evidence

Answer 14

1. his own case-based experience
2. patient’s individual + cultural perspectives
3. results of clinical research trials + observational studies

Question 15

Result of evidence-based medicine?

Answer 15

to reach an integrated clinical judgment

Question 16

RCT, what does it stand for?

Answer 16

Randomised Control Trial

Question 17

What is RCT?

Answer 17

• Gold Standard for conventional research
• type of scientific experiment
• aims to reduce certain sources of bias
• to test effectiveness of new treatments

Question 18

How is RCT applied?

Answer 18

• randomly allocating subjects to two or more groups
• the experimental group—receives the intervention being assessed
• the control group—receives an alternative treatment (placebo or no intervention)
• comparing them with respect to a measured response

Question 19

Limitations of RCT on evaluating holistic medicines?

Answer 19

• Individualised treatment planning
• Multiple treatment interventions used together
• aspects of treatment subjective, e.g., counseling

Question 20

Holistic medicine; preferred evaluation method?

Answer 20

whole-practice research is preferred

Question 21

What is clinical expertise?

Answer 21

• proficiency and judgment
• clinicians acquire > clinical experience + clinical practice