Introduction

Question 1

Aristotle distinguished between (?) natural justice and (?) legal justice.

Answer 1

Universal.

Local.

Question 2

St Paul explores the idea that all people could, within themselves, discern a law. It’s ?, focused on actions.

Answer 2

Deontological.

Question 3

Thomas ? thought that right and wrong are fixed things. They’re linked to some greater idea of a fixed ? in the eternal ? of God.

Answer 3

Morality.

Law.

Question 4

The ?/ultimate end: Aquinas thought moral acts were free acts aimed at achieving an immediate/ultimate end which brings ultimate ? and satisfaction, a thing not found in this world.

Answer 4

Telos.

Happiness.

Question 5

For the ultimate end, I must not do ? for ? reasons. It’s better to do good for good reasons. ? matter.

Answer 5

Bad.
Good.
Motivations.

Question 6

The four tiers of law: Aquinas advocated that ? law was the reason of God, known to human beings through ? (divine law) and natural law (discoverable through the right use of ? human law was based on these sources.

Answer 6

Eternal.
Revelation.
Reason.

Question 7

The key precept: the ? rule: Natural law involves ? Reason directs us to do good and avoid evil, and all over principles flow from this.

Answer 7

Synderesis.

Rationality.

Question 8

Primary precepts and secondary precepts: Aquinas thought that ? entailed certain primary precepts. He concluded that synderesis entails the need to protect life, reproduce, educate offspring, live in ? and love God.

Answer 8

Synderesis.

Society.

Question 9

Secondary precepts are rules that follow ? precepts.

Answer 9

Primary.

Question 10

Real and apparent goods: Humans do bad things because they are mistaken by ? ?

Answer 10

Apparent goods.

Question 11

The doctrine of ? effect: It’s possible for some actions to have two effects, one which upholds a ? and another which doesn’t, like self-defence.

Answer 11

Double.

Precept.