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Geographic Information Systems > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

The components of a “GIS”

A
  1. Staff
  2. Data
  3. Hardware
  4. Software
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2
Q

What is a “GIS”

A

Essentially, a map tied to a database

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3
Q

What hardware does a “GIS” use?

A
  1. computer
  2. monitor
  3. digitizing tablet
  4. scanners
  5. printers
  6. plotters
  7. hard disks
  8. CDROMs
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4
Q

What software could you use for a “GIS” & whats the price range?

A
  1. ArcGIS
  2. Arcview
  3. Intergraph
  4. Idrisi
  5. Mapinfo
  6. Atlas
  7. GRASS
    (these can cost anywhere ~$25,000+)
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5
Q

Whats the most expensive and time-consuming part of a “GIS”

A

The Data

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6
Q

What are some options for “GIS” Data?

A
  1. create your own
  2. hire someone to make it
  3. find it for free (usually requires a time investment before is ready for use)
  4. buy it ready made
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7
Q

Why is the staff of a “GIS” so important?

A

Most “GIS” applications require trained and dedicated professionals to operate them

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8
Q

What does spatially mean in regards to a “GIS”?

A

a term used to describe any data related to or containing information about a specific location on the Earth’s surface.

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9
Q

What is a Map?

A

a scale model representation of reality

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10
Q

What is cartography?

A

art and science of making maps

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11
Q

How do “GIS” maps work?

A
  • combines multiple layers of information
  • each layer has its own set of symbols
  • care is taken to ensure no info is lost when layers are placed in a particular drawing order on a map
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12
Q

Map/Data Frame

cartographic element

A

holds the “reduced” representation of real world objects, with sets of symbolized layers as graphics

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13
Q

Title

cartographic element

A

a descriptive title for the entire map

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14
Q

Legend

cartographic element

A

descriptions of the layers with associated symbology

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15
Q

Text & Animation

cartographic element

A

labels, numbers, text strings, etc. that are placed in the map to add descriptive info about themes or features or any added textual info

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16
Q

Scale

cartographic element

A

verbal, representative fraction or graphic scale that describes the amount of reduction of the graphic layers contained in the map frame

17
Q

North Arrow

cartographic element

A

symbol depicting the geographic north direction for purposes of viewer orientation - can represent cardinal points of the compass

18
Q

Date

cartographic element

A

map production date placed on the map in order to determine currency of map data

19
Q

Author

cartographic element

A

map author name, if clarification is required about sources, methodology, etc.

20
Q

What are the levels of ArcGis?

A

level 1: ArcView
level 2: ArcEditor
level 3: ArcInfo
level 4: ArcEditor

21
Q

What can ArcView do?

A
  • Data Access
  • Mapping
  • Customization
  • Spatial Query
22
Q

What can ArcEditor do?

A

the capabilities of ArcView
+
- Coverage and Geodatabase editing

23
Q

What can ArcInfo do?

A 
the capabilities of ArcEditor 
\+
- Advanced Geo-processing 
- Data Conversion
- Workstation
24
Q

What are the 3 Major ArcGIS applications?

A
  1. ArcMap - use to make maps
  2. ArcCatalog - use to organize files and create features
  3. ArcToolbox - use to access analytical, conversion and data management capabilities
25
Q

What are the 2 sub-components of the ArcInfo software?

A
  1. ArcInfo Desktop - mostly graphics/GUI

2. ArcInfo Workstation - mostly command-line

26
Q 
Cartographic Functions
("GIS" function)
A
  • quick and easy map-making

- effective visual graphics and communication

27
Q

Image Processing Functions

“GIS” function

A
  • satellite and aerial photo processing
  • geometrics and radiometric correction
  • classification
  • compression/decompression
28
Q

Layer Oriented Functions

“GIS” function

A
  • Organizing spatial entities
  • Visual overlaying of entities
  • Geometric overlaying of entities with algebraic manipulation
29
Q 
Administrative Functions
("GIS" function)
A
  • Graphic and tabular database administration
  • Graphic and tabular database maintenance
  • Registration and upkeep
  • Querying, searching, managing and updating records

Geographic Information Systems (1 decks)

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