Introduction Flashcards
What is “endemic disease”?
The amount of disease that is usually present in a community
What do you call an increase in a number of cases of a disease above normal?
Outbreak
What describes an outbreak over a larger area?
Epidemic
How do epidemics occur?
Through a recent increase in amount of virulence of an agent, introduction of an agent in a new community, and an enhanced mode of transmission
What is an epizootic?
An epidemic in an animal population
What do you call an epidemic spread over several countries or continents? What is an example of this?
Pandemic
Ex. Spanish Flu
What are vectors? What kind of transmission is this? (Direct or Indirect)
Small organisms that carry serious diseases
Indirect because it’s not through a person
What are disease-causing agents?
Germs (parasites, bacteria, viruses)
What is the term describing something that depends on us for their own reproduction and survival that harm us?
Parasitism
What term describes prokaryotes that can be free-living or parasitic?
Bacteria
What term describes something that cannot reproduce on its own, all parasitic, and is the largest threat to human dominance?
Viruses
Define anthroponoses.
Source of disease is an infectious human
What term describes a disease when the source is an infectious animal?
Zoonoses
Define sapronoses.
Source of disease is a non-living environment (soil, water, decay)
What describes a population of organisms or a specific environment where an infectious pathogen lives and reproduces or depends on its survival?
Disease Reservoir
Who was Asclepius?
1200 BCE- Greek physician turned hero, turned the god of medicine. He was taught by a centaur but he frightened Zeus so he was killed by his lightening bolt. He was worshipped by a cult that would go to church and be healed through sleep (dreams) or would be prescribed “medicine” by a priest
What is the Hippocratic Corpus?
A collection of 70 works by Hippocrates and others that describe symptoms with an emphasis on simple treatment. Mostly supernatural
What is the Humoral Theory?
The body contains four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. In balance, they promote health; when the body is in pain, they are deficient or in excess or separated from the body
What Greek physician alive from 460-370 BCE and wrote the Hippocratic Corpus?
Hippocrates
Who was Galen?
129-210 CE- Greek physician living in the Roman Empire. Followed the Hippocratic Oath but also studied anatomy
