Introduction Flashcards
Define PICO
P - patient/problem
I - intervention/treatment
C - comparative internvention
O - outcome
Function of PICO
to develop a clinical question
What should be the main focus when reading an article?
Relevant title, evaluation of methods, results & draw own conclusions
Compare the goals of research v. clinical care
Research - gain knowledge for future patients
Clinical - improve the health of current patients
What is the therapeutic misconception?
Thought that Drs are 100% confident in their treatments 100% of the time
5 elements of patient management
Examine Evaluate Diagnose Prognosis Interventions/Outcomes
5 steps of efficient EBP
- Develop answerable question
- ID evidence for treatment
- critically appraise evidence
- incorporate evidence -> practice
- evaluate effectiveness/efficiency
Explain a background question
general enhancement of relative knowledge
Explain a foreground question
specific to the issue/situation
Most important section of article to determine validity
Methods
Principles of Ethical clinical research
social/scientific value validity fair subject selection favorable risk-benefit ratio independent review informed consent respect of subjects
3 components of . Evidence-based medicine
Individual’s clinical experience
Patient’s values/expectations
Best available clinical evidence
Quality of health care & clinical experience relationship
care decreases with greater clinical experience
Two Fundamental Principles of EBP
Evidence is never enough
Heirarchy of Evidence
Hierarchy of Evidence
Top down: SR of RCTs of N of trials RCTs SR of Cohort Studies Cohort Studies SR of Case-Controlled Studies Case-Controlled Studies Case Study or Case Series, Cross-Sectional Study Clinical Experience, Expert Opinion, Mechanism Based Reasoning
