Introduction Flashcards
Define PICO
P - patient/problem
I - intervention/treatment
C - comparative internvention
O - outcome
Function of PICO
to develop a clinical question
What should be the main focus when reading an article?
Relevant title, evaluation of methods, results & draw own conclusions
Compare the goals of research v. clinical care
Research - gain knowledge for future patients
Clinical - improve the health of current patients
What is the therapeutic misconception?
Thought that Drs are 100% confident in their treatments 100% of the time
5 elements of patient management
Examine Evaluate Diagnose Prognosis Interventions/Outcomes
5 steps of efficient EBP
- Develop answerable question
- ID evidence for treatment
- critically appraise evidence
- incorporate evidence -> practice
- evaluate effectiveness/efficiency
Explain a background question
general enhancement of relative knowledge
Explain a foreground question
specific to the issue/situation
Most important section of article to determine validity
Methods
Principles of Ethical clinical research
social/scientific value validity fair subject selection favorable risk-benefit ratio independent review informed consent respect of subjects
3 components of . Evidence-based medicine
Individual’s clinical experience
Patient’s values/expectations
Best available clinical evidence
Quality of health care & clinical experience relationship
care decreases with greater clinical experience
Two Fundamental Principles of EBP
Evidence is never enough
Heirarchy of Evidence
Hierarchy of Evidence
Top down: SR of RCTs of N of trials RCTs SR of Cohort Studies Cohort Studies SR of Case-Controlled Studies Case-Controlled Studies Case Study or Case Series, Cross-Sectional Study Clinical Experience, Expert Opinion, Mechanism Based Reasoning
Define Evidence based decision making
considers all relevant info and then making choices that provide the best opportunity for successful outcomes given the available resources
