Introduction Flashcards
Atoms and molecules
Chemical Level
Cell, basic structural and functional unit of life
Cellular Level
Tissue, similar cells that perform a common function
Tissue Level
Organ, two or more kinds of tissues integrated to perform specific functions
Organ Level
Organism, has several organ systems which work together to maintain life
Organismal Level
Upright, feet parallel, eyes and palms forward
Anatomical Position
Imaginary lines or actual dissecting cuts (sections) which may be used to “section” the body or an organ
Planes of Reference
Divides the body or organ into unequal right and left portions
Sagittal
Divides the body or organ into equal halves (right and left portions)
Midsagittal
Divides the body or organ into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
Coronal (=Frontal)
Divides the body or organ into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) portions
Transverse (= Horizontal, Cross-Sectional)
Divides the body or organ into slanted, diagonal portions
Oblique
In front of; toward the front surface
Anterior
In back of; toward the back surface
Posterior
Toward the back side of the human body
Dorsal
Toward the belly side of the human body
Ventral
Closer to the head
Superior
Closer to feet
Inferior
At the rear or tail end
Cuadal
At the head end
Cranial (cephalic)
Toward the nose or mouth
Rostral
Toward the midline of the body
Medial
Away from the midline of the body
Lateral
On the same side
Ipsilateral
On the opposite side
Contralateral
On the inside, internal to another structure
Deep
On the outside, external to another structure
Superficial
Closest to point of attachment to trunk
Proximal
Furthest from point of attachment to trunk
Distal
Eye
Orbital
Nasal
Nose
Buccal
Cheek
Oral
Mouth
Mental
Chin
Area covered by the scalp
Cranial Region
Left and right chest
Pectoral Region
Chest
Thorax or Thoracic Region
Sit atop pectoral regions
Mammary Regions (breasts)
Between pectoral regions
Sternal Region
Armpits
Axillary Regions
Located between the diaphragm and the top of the hip bones
Abdominal Region
Located between the hip bones
Pelvic Region
Shoulder
Deltoid Region
Arm; between shoulder and elbow
Brachial Region
Front of elbow
Antecubital (=cubital) Region
Forearm
Antebrachial Region
The “wrist”
Carpal Region
The hand
Manus (Hand) Region
Front of the hand (the palm)
Palmar
Back of the hand
Dorsum