Introduction

Question 1

What is Ecology?

Answer 1

Ecology is the study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment.

Question 2

What interactions are called biotic?

Answer 2

Interactions among living organisms.

Question 3

What does abiotic ineractions mean?

Answer 3

Interactions between organisms and their physical environment.

Question 4

Which broad areas of ecology exist?

Answer 4

1. Organismal Ecology: investigates how individual`s adaptations and choices affect their reproduction and survival.
2. Population Ecology: describes how populations grow and interact with other species.
3. Community Ecology: focuses on factors that influence the number of species in an area.
4. Ecosystems Ecology: describes the passage of energy and nutrients through communities.

Question 5

Name subdisciplines of Organismal Ecology.

Answer 5

1. Evolutionary ecology
2. Behavioral ecology
3. Physiological ecology

Question 6

What is Evolutionary ecology?

Answer 6

Evolutionary ecology considers how organisms have evolved to adapt to their environment through interactions with individuals, populations and other species.

Question 7

What is Behavioral ecology?

Answer 7

Behavioral ecology focuses on how the behavior of an individual organism contributes to its survival and reproductive success which in turn affects the abundance of a population.

Question 8

What is Physiological ecology?

Answer 8

Physiological ecology investigates how organisms are physiologically adapted to their environment and how the environment impacts the distribution of species.

Question 9

What is community (biome)?

Answer 9

Community is an assemblage of many species that live in the same place at the same time.

Question 10

What is ecosystem?

Answer 10

An ecosystem is a living, biotic community and its non-living abiotic environment.

Question 11

What are different causes of threat to species?

Answer 11

Habitat destruction - 85%
Invasive species - 50%
Pollution -25 %
Direct exploitation - 18%

Question 12

What is HIPPO?

Answer 12

• Habitat destruction
• Introduced species
• Pollution
• Population (human)
• Overharvesting

Question 13

What are ecological methods?

Answer 13

Observation, Experimentation, Analysis and Modeling

Question 14

What is meta-analysis?

Answer 14

Meta-analysis is a statistical procedure that allows data from similar experiments to be considered together.