Introduction Flashcards
Horticulture
The science, technology and art of culturing, utilizing and improving fruit, vegetables, flowering and ornamental plants
Horticulture is the…
Green Industry
U.S. Department of Agriculture
The government organization that monitors and measures the green industry
What is the correlating hard science to horticulture?
Botany
Agriculture
The science and technology of growing and raising plants and animals
Forestry
The science and technology of culturing, utilizing and improving forest trees and their products
Agronomy
The science and technology of culturing, utilizing and improving field crops
Olericulture
Vegetable culture and production
Pomology
Fruit and nut culture and production
Viticulture
Study of growing grapes and vines
Turf grass
Grasses for lawns, landscapes, sport facilities and golf courses
Arboriculture
The study and growing of trees (urban)
Silviculture
The study of trees in forestry
Ornamental horticulture
Plants grown for aesthetic uses, improvement of quality of life and our environment, and functional use
Floriculture
flowering and foliage plant culture and production
Floristry
floral design and retail floristry operation
Landscape horticulture
exterior and interior design, construction and maintenance of landscapes
Nursery production
trees, shrubs and vines, culture and production
What are the guidelines for placement of a crop in horticulture, agronomy, or forestry
intensity of production
purpose of crop grown
tradition or custom
When did people first begin cultivating edible plants?
Neolithic age around 8,000 B.C.
Why were plants first cultivated?
Medicinal purposes
Egyptians
Agriculture contributions included systematic irrigation through hydraulic engineering. Vegetable crops included: lettuce, melons, cucumber and garlic
Pre-Incas of Peru
Considered first to grow maize (corn)
Aboriginal American peoples cultivated potatoes, sweet potatoes, peppers, avocados, beans, tomatoes, and cocoa
Theophrastus
Considered one of the first horticulturists. Student of Plato and Aristotle who theorized plant classification and origin. Wrote books such as The History of Plants, where he described morphology of roots, flowers, leaves, and other anatomical structures
Greece
Noted for writings in botany, horticulture, forestry, and taxonomy.
Roman Empire
Developments included grafting and budding, fertility testing, and the development of greenhouse structures
Renaissance Era
Developments in landscape, gardens and irrigation systems
Linnaeus
Swedish botanist (1707-1778) developed the binomial system of classification. Classified plants based on flowering or sexual characteristics.
Land Grant System
Provided new stimulus for horticulture through education and research.
Liberty Hyde Bailey
Considered the father of horticulture. Renowned author, taxonomist, educator, and administrator. Instrumental in founding American Society for Horticulture Science
