Introduction Flashcards
Animal Genetics
the study of inheritance in animals
Animal Breeding
the application of principles of animal genetics to farm animal improvement
Mendelian Genetics
simple inheritance of genes that express themselves in a defined and predictable manner
Population Genetics
the study of factors that affect the gene and genotypic frequencies of populations
Quantitative Genetics
the branch of genetics concerned with influences on measurement of relationships among, rate of change for, genetic prediction of traits that are or can be treated as quantitative
Molecular Genetics
the study of the chemical nature of genes and how gene functions affect traits of living organisms
Genome
an animal’s complete genotype (genetic makeup)
Inherited traits are determined by…
elements of heredity transmitted from parents to offspring
Breed Associations
-original principles
- -to safeguard purity
- -furnish pedigrees
- maintain present merit
- improve merit
- promote interests of members
Dr. Jay L. Lush
-Founder of modern scientific breeding
“like does not always beget like”
“breed the best of the best and hope for the best”
-the principles of selection, the use of inbreeding to conserve the genes of some individuals, and crossbreeding programs to use hybrid vigor are all ideas that were developed by Lush
Robert Bakewell
- Said that animals were machines for turning herbage into money”
- Developed English Shorthorn and Shire, New Leicester sheep
- Father of Animal Breeding
- “like begets like”
- “breed the best to the best”
Gregor Mendel
- provides the link between Bakewell and Lush
- discovered heredity’s basic unit, the gene
The Big Three
- Ronald Fisher
- Sewell Wright
- J.B.S. Haldane
-explained change in populations mathematically
C.R. Henderson
“Genetics quickly becomes math which quickly becomes statistics”
-BLUP - which disentangles nature (genetics) from nurture (environment)
Which breed was one of the first organized breeds of livestock?
Shorthorn cattle
