Introduction

Question 1

What is a command in programming?

Answer 1

A directive telling the computer to perform a specific action (e.g., print()).

Question 2

What is a statement in programming?

Answer 2

A complete unit of execution that performs an action (e.g., if statement, for loop).

Question 3

What is an expression in programming?

Answer 3

A combination of variables, operators, and values that produce a result (e.g., x + 5).

Question 4

How do commands, statements, and expressions relate?

Answer 4

Commands execute tasks, statements perform actions (often containing expressions), and expressions compute values.

Question 5

What is coding?

Answer 5

Writing code to implement specific logic in a programming language.

Question 6

What is programming?

Answer 6

The broader process of designing, writing, testing, and maintaining software, which includes coding.

Question 7

What’s the key difference between coding and programming?

Answer 7

Coding is writing syntax; programming involves solving problems and designing systems.

Question 8

Which skills are needed for coding vs programming?

Answer 8

• Coding: Syntax knowledge, debugging, basic problem-solving.
• Programming: Analytical thinking, algorithms, design, testing, and collaboration.

Question 9

What are the main components of a programming language?

Answer 9

Syntax, data types, variables, operators, control structures, functions, and error handling.

Question 10

What are control structures in a programming language?

Answer 10

Constructs like loops and conditionals that manage program flow.

Question 11

What role do functions play in a programming language?

Answer 11

Reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks, often with inputs and outputs.

Question 12

What is the purpose of data types in programming?

Answer 12

Define the types of data a program can manipulate, such as integers, strings, or objects.

Question 13

What is the relationship between JDK, JRE, and JVM?

Answer 13

JDK: A toolkit for developing Java applications, including the JRE.
JRE: Used to run Java applications; includes the JVM.
JVM: The engine that runs Java bytecode and manages execution.

Question 14

What are the types of memory in the JVM?

Answer 14

Heap: Stores objects.
Stack: Stores method calls and local variables.
Method Area (MetaSpace): Stores class metadata.
Program Counter Register: Tracks thread execution.
Native Method Stack: For managing native code.

Question 15

What is the role of the JIT compiler in Java?

Answer 15

Converts bytecode into machine code at runtime to improve performance.

Question 16

What is the Java Class Library (JCL)?

Answer 16

A collection of pre-written Java classes providing reusable functionality (e.g., java.util, java.io).

Question 17

What is the Java Standard Extension (JSE)?

Answer 17

A set of additional libraries that offer specialized functionality beyond the JCL (e.g., JavaMail, JDBC).

Question 18

What does it mean to have a solid foundation in programming?

Answer 18

A strong understanding of basic concepts like variables, loops, conditionals, and algorithms.

Question 19

What are transferable skills in programming?

Answer 19

Problem-solving, logical thinking, debugging, and understanding algorithms, useful across tasks and fields.

Question 20

What’s the difference between synchronous and concurrent programming?

Answer 20

Synchronous: Tasks executed one after another.
Concurrent: Multiple tasks progress in overlapping time periods, but not necessarily simultaneously.

Question 21

What is multi-threading in Java?

Answer 21

Running multiple threads (independent tasks) simultaneously.

Question 22

What is a blocking operation in Java?

Answer 22

An operation where a thread waits for a resource or task to complete before continuing.