Introduction Flashcards
Zoonotic diseases
Illness that can be transmitted from animals to humans. In rare cases it can be the illness is transmitted from human to animals
Reservoir host
Animal or organism that harbors a pathogen without being affected and serve as source of infection for other species
What are the importance of studying zoonotic disease
Prevent outbreak
Ensure food safety level
Ensure economic stability
Prevent emerging threats
Protect public health
How does studying zoonotic disease prevent outbreak
By enabling early detection, understanding transmission and improving prevention control.
How does studying zoonotic disease ensuring food safety
By identifying and preventing the transmission of harmful pathogen from animals to human.
How does studying zoonotic disease ensure economic stability
By preventing outbreaks that can disrupt agriculture, livestock industry, and health care system
How does studying zoonotic disease prevent emerging threats
To protect public health, minimize economic losses, and avoid the spread of new disease that may be hard to control.
How does studying zoonotic disease protect public health
By identifying potential risk, improvement of preventing strategy, and enabling early intervention to stop the spread of disease from animal to human
Factors that increase the likelihood of zoonotic disease transmission
Urbanization
Climate change
Increase contact between human and animals
Immune compromise individual
Factors that increase the likelihood of zoonotic disease transmission
Urbanization
Climate change
Increase contact between human and animals
Immune compromise individual
Urbanization increase the spread of zoonotic disease. How?
Brings human and animals closer increasing disease transmission by disrupting habitats and worsening sanitation
Climate change increase the spread of zoonotic disease. How?
Change in temperature and weather patterns alters the habitat of vectors, spreading zoonotic disease to new area.
Increase contact between human and animals increase the spread of zoonotic disease. How?
Encroachment on wildlife habitat can bring humans closer to wild animals which may carry pathogen.
Immune compromised individual increase the spread of zoonotic disease. How?
People with weakened immune system are more susceptible to zoonotic infection
Globalization and trade increase the spread of zoonotic disease. How?
The movement of animals and animal product across boarders increase the spread of zoonotic disease.
Role of food animals in transmission of zoonotic disease
DIRECT TRANSMISSION -handling and being close contact with infected animal can spread disease like anthrax and tuberculosis
CARRIER OF VECTORS - parasite and insect lives on food animals can transmit disease to human like lyme disease.
CONTAMINATED ANIMAL PRODUCT -consuming undercooked and contaminated meat, milk,eggs can lead to infection
Type of food animals
Livestock
Poultry
Aquatic animals
Wild
Impact of zoonotic disease on public health
INCREASE HEALTH CARE BURDEN- causing more infection, overwhelming resources, require extensive treatment, diagnosis, and public health intervention.
INCREASE ECONOMIC LOSSES- disrupt trading, decreasing productivity, affects industry like agriculture, tourism and food production
THREAT TO HEALTH CARE SECURITY- overwhelming health security, depleting resources and disrupting essential resources
Strategies of public health used to control zoonotic disease
SURVEILLANCE AND MONITORING - helps to detect and respond to potential zoonotic disease threat quickly
VACCINATION - immunization on animals prevent the transmission of the disease to human
PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGN- educating public on hygiene practices, safe handling of animals and recognizing disease symptoms can prevent the spread of the disease.
SANITATION AND HYGIENE- promoting good hygiene, proper food handling, waste management reduce the risk of transmission from animals to human
VECTOR CONTROL - controlling vectors through environmental management, chemical control helps reduce the transmission of the disease
SANITATION AND HYGIENE
