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05. Canon Introductory Logic > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

reasoning

A

Drawing proper conclusions from other information.

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2
Q

What does proper reasoning do?

A

Open the mind so that it can close upon truth.

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3
Q

formal logic

A

The science and art of reasoning well.

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4
Q

What is logic in relation to God?

A

It is not created by God or man, but is an attribute of God; it isn’t over God or independent of Him.

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5
Q

What is the Law of Excluded Middle?

A

Any statement is either true or false.

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6
Q

What is the Law of Identity?

A

If a statement is true, then it is true.

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7
Q

What is the Law of Noncontradiction?

A

A statement cannot be both true and false.

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8
Q

What must logic always do?

A

Give way to mystery.

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9
Q

What are the two main branches of logic?

A

Formal and informal.

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10
Q

What does formal logic deal with?

A

The proper modes of reasoning.

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11
Q

What does informal logic deal with?

A

Operations of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning, such as defining terms, relating terms to each other, and determining relationships between statements.

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12
Q

What are the two main branches of formal logic?

A

Induction and deduction.

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13
Q

induction

A

Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules.

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14
Q

deduction

A

Reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusions.

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15
Q

What are the two main branches of deductive reasoning?

A

Categorical logic and propositional logic.

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16
Q

Who was most likely the developer of categorical logic as a science?

A

Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 BC)

17
Q

What does categorical logic deal with?

A

Syllogism.

18
Q

syllogism

A

A type of deductive argument in which the conclusion connects one category (or term) with another.

19
Q

What does propositional logic do?

A

Connect entire propositions together in arguments.

20
Q

What branches of logic is this book focused on?

A

Informal and categorical.

21
Q

Why did God create humans with the ability to reason?

A

So we could communicate with Him and each other.

05. Canon Introductory Logic (2 decks)

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