Introduction

Question 1

Logic studies reasoning and …

Answer 1

… is the study of methods and principles to distinguish good from bad reasoning.

Question 2

Very often, the relationship between individual statements depends on …

Answer 2

… the form or structure of the arguments, rather than their actual content.

Question 3

Logic focuses on studying …

Answer 3

… the forms or structures of arguments.

Question 4

Three basic logical systems …

Answer 4

Categorical logic, Propositional logic, and Predicate logic.

Question 5

Essential method used to test arguments in Categorical logic:

Answer 5

The Venn diagram method.

Question 6

Essential method used to test arguments in Propositional logic:

Answer 6

The truth-table method.

Question 7

Essential method used to test arguments in Predicate logic:

Answer 7

The natural deduction method.

Question 8

Categorical logic (the Venn diagram method):

Answer 8

Analyzes the subject-predicate structure within a sentence.

Question 9

Propositional logic (the truth-table method):

Answer 9

Focuses on the connections between simple sentences.

Question 10

Predicate logic (the natural deduction method):

Answer 10

Combines insights from both Categorical logic and Propositional logic and provides a very powerful tool to analyze complex thoughts and relations.