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MAJOR PARASITES IN FOOD ANIMALS > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

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1
Q

is the area of biology
concerned with the relationship
phenomenon called Parasitism

A

Parasitology

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2
Q

is the study of parasites, their
life cycle, morphology, pathogenicity, transmission, epidemiology, and control
(including diagnosis, treatment and prevention).

A

parasitology

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3
Q

Scope of Veterinary Parasitology:

A
  1. Vet. Entomology
  2. Vet. Protozoology
  3. Vet. Helminthology
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4
Q

concerned with the study of parasitic arthropods, insects, ticks, mites, and pentastomids.

A

Vet. Entomology

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5
Q

concerns with the study of parasitic Protozoa

A

Vet. Protozoology

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6
Q

concerns with the study of parasitic helminths (flukes,
tapeworms, roundworms, thornyheaded worms and parasitic annelids.

A

Vet. Helminthology

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7
Q

involves a host and a parasites

A

parasitism

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8
Q

is an organism which for the purpose of procuring food or food and shelter, visits briefly or take up abode temporarily or permanently outside or inside the body of another organism it
usually does harm.

A

parasite

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9
Q
  • Grandfather of Parasitology
A

Francesco Redi

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10
Q
  • Introduced obligatory parenthood for insects
A

Francesco Redi

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11
Q
  • Described various kinds of microscopic animals
A

Leeuwenhoek

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12
Q
  • Refutes theory of spontaneous generation in
    worms
A

Bidloo

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13
Q
  • Described, identified, and classified helminths
A

Linnaeus

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14
Q
  • Gave scientific names to parasitic worms
A

Rudolphi “father of helminthology”

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15
Q
  • Demonstrated that insects serve as intermediate hosts
A

Leuckart

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16
Q

studied parasites that
caused heart failure

A

Candido Africa (MD)

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17
Q

– fathers of Parasitology

A

Marcos Tubangui (DVM)

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18
Q

grandfather of Philippine
Parasitology

A

Liborio Gomez

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19
Q

animal does not exhibit
outward clinical sign.

A

Parasitiasis

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20
Q

animal does produce
signs

A

Parasitosis

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21
Q

Associated only with one species of host, or closely related hosts

A

Host/species specificity

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22
Q

Each parasite species has its predilection site or on the host

A

Organ specificity

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23
Q

Parasite that briefly visit their host to obtain nourishment but not dependent on them
e.g mosquito

A

Optional Occasional/Periodic Parasite

24
Q

Do not permanently live upon their host but are dependent upon them for nourishment
e.g fleas and ticks

A

Obligate Occasional Parasite

25
Q

Parasitism is limited to stage/s in their life cycle

A

Determinate Transitory

26
Q

Parasitism extends from the time of hatching of the eggs to the time that the eggs are produced by the adult
e.g lice and mites

A

Permanent parasite

27
Q

Cannot pass spontaneously from one host to the other
e.g helminthes

A

Fixed Parasite

28
Q

Wander from its usual site

A

Erratic and abberant Parasite

29
Q

highly specific parasite that affects man
eg. Enterobius
vermicularis

A

Anthropoparasite

30
Q

equally specific parasites
that affects man and animals e.g. trichinella spiralis

A

Anthropozooparasite

31
Q

man is essential for the life cycle
e.g Taenia in
man

A

enzoonoses

32
Q

man is just accidentally involved

A

parazoonoses

33
Q

external parasites; infestation

A

ectoparasite

34
Q

infection internal
parasites; infection

A

endoparasite

35
Q

Require a single host specie to
complete the life cycle
e.g Trichuris vulpis

A

Monoxenous/homoxenous Parasite

36
Q

It requires 2 or more host species to complete the life cycle.

A

Heteroxenous Parasite

37
Q

Affects broad range of final
hosts

A

Euryxenous Parasite

38
Q

Affects narrow range of final
hosts

A

Stenoxenous Parasite

39
Q

harbors sexual, mature, or adult stage.
eg. whipworms

A

Final or definitive host

40
Q

harbors asexual, immature, or larval stage
eg. Dioctophyma renale

A

Intermediate host

41
Q

carriers ; final host that harbors the infection but show no sign of infection

A

Reservoir or Alternate hosts

42
Q

unnatural host in which parasites are accidentally
lodged and transmission is through ingestion of paratenic host

A

Transport or Paratenic host

43
Q

Free living in nature can become parasitic in certain host.

A

Facultative Parasite

44
Q

it must lead a parasitic existence

A

Obligatory Parasite

45
Q

mistaken to be parasite

A

Pseudoparasite

46
Q

From infection until egg is demonstrated

A

Prepatent period

47
Q

From egg production by adults until it ceases

A

patent period

48
Q

ANIMAL ASSOCIATIONS:

A

Symbiosis “Living Together”
Mutualism
Commensalism
Predator-Prey
Phoresis “To carry”
Parasitism

49
Q

✓ any association between at least two living organisms of
different species.
✓ Each member is called a symbiont..

A

symbiosis

50
Q

both organisms in the symbiotic relationship benefit

A

mutualism

51
Q

only one symbiont is benefitted although the other neither benefits nor is harmed

A

commensalism

52
Q

An extremely short-term relationship in which one symbiont benefits at the expense of the other.

A

Predator-Prey

53
Q

✓ Smaller member of the symbiotic relationship is mechanically carried about by the larger member

A

phoresis

54
Q

✓ One symbiont (parasite) lives on or within the other member (host) and may cause harm
✓ Parasite is metabolically dependent on the host

A

parasitism

55
Q

Factors that influences the degree of harm done by
various parasites:

A
  1. Number of Parasites
    Present
  2. Location of the
    parasites
  3. Nature of their food
  4. Movements of parasites
  5. Age of the host
  6. Virulence of parasites
56
Q

General Pathogenecity and Pathogenic Effects of
Parasites

A
  1. Absorbing part of the digested nutrients, vitamins and minerals
  2. Sucking of blood and lymph
  3. Feeding on the tissues of the host
  4. Causing mechanical obstruction or pressure
  5. Causing growth of nodules and tumors
  6. Perforating bloodvessels
  7. Causing wounds
  8. Destruction of tissues
  9. Irritation and annoyance

MAJOR PARASITES IN FOOD ANIMALS (7 decks)

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