Introduction

Question 1

Question: What is dualism?

Answer 1

Answer: Dualism is the view that there are two different types of existence: mental and physical.

Question 2

Question: What is substance dualism?

Answer 2

Answer: Substance dualism is Descartes’ version of dualism, which posits that mental and physical existences are two different substances, characterized by thinking and extension, respectively.

Question 3

Question: What characterizes the mental substance in substance dualism?

Answer 3

Answer: In substance dualism, the mental substance is characterized by thinking.

Question 4

Question: What characterizes the physical substance in substance dualism?

Answer 4

Answer: In substance dualism, the physical substance is characterized by extension.

Question 5

Question: How is a substance defined in the context of dualism?

Answer 5

Answer: A substance is a type of existence that cannot be broken down into anything further.

Question 6

Question: What is monism?

Answer 6

Answer: Monism is the view that there is only one kind of existence.

Question 7

Question: What is materialism?

Answer 7

Answer: Materialism is the view that the one kind of existence is physical substance.

Question 8

Question: What is the key difference between dualism and monism?

Answer 8

Answer: Dualism posits two types of existence (mental and physical), whereas monism posits only one kind of existence.

Question 9

Question: How does materialism relate to monism?

Answer 9

Answer: Materialism is a form of monism that asserts the only kind of existence is physical substance.

Question 10

Question: Who is most associated with the concept of substance dualism?

Answer 10

Answer: René Descartes is most associated with the concept of substance dualism.