INTRODUCTION Flashcards by lorriane m | Brainscape

Q

_____ , commonly known as the web, has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and conduct business

A

World Wide Web

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Q

The story of the World Wide Web begins with _______, a British computer scientist working at CERN in the late 1980s

A

Tim Berners-Lee

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Q

CERN

A

European Organization for Nuclear Research

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Q

The first web page was created, providing an overview of the World Wide Web project.

A

YEAR 1991

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Q

The web gained widespread attention with the release of the Mosaic web browser, which popularized the graphical user interface for browsing,

A

YEAR 1993

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Q

The establishment of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) by Tim Berners-Lee to standardize web technologies and protocols.

A

YEAR 1994

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Q

The dot-com bubble led to a rapid expansion, driving further growth of the web.

A

LATE 1990s

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Q

The rise of Web 2.0 saw the emergence of dynamic, interactive websites and social media.

A

YEAR 2000s

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Q

The proliferation of smartphones and mobile devices led to the mobile web revolution, with mobile traffic surpassing desktop traffic for the first time in 2016.

A

YEAR 2010s

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Q

Ongoing developments in web technologies such as HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript continue to enhance the capabilities and user experience of the web.

A

YEAR 2020s

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Q

HISTORY OF WWW

YEAR 1989

A

Birth of WWW by Tim Berners-lee & his associates at CERN

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Q

HISTORY OF WWW

YEAR 1990

A

First web browser; Used within CERN

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Q

HISTORY OF WWW

YEAR 1991

A

Public offering of WWW

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Q

HISTORY OF WWW

YEAR 1993

A

Birth of Mosaic; graphical, multimedia browser from NCSA

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Q

HISTORY OF WWW

YEAR 1994

A

First commercial Browser By Netscape communication founded by JIM CLARK and March Andreessen

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Q

IMPACT OF WWW ON SOCIETY AND CULTURE

A

Information Access
Communication
Commerce
Entertainment
Education

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Q

WEB ADVANTAGES

A

Creates virtual hyperspace
A low cost way to share, maintain, and distribute information

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Q

NETWORK BASIS

Specifies how two computer exchange data

A

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol & Internet Protocol)

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Q

NETWORK BASIS

A content-based or structural markup language; codes are used to indicate various parts of a document such as heading, paragraphs, lists, etc.

A

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

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Q

NETWORK BASIS

Every computer has a unique ____ ; 32 bits in three 8 bit number groups.

A

IP Address

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Q

Symbolic name for IP Address

A

DNS (Domain Name System)

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Q

internet address that contains protocol, hostname, path; a global address of documents and other resources on the WWW.

A

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

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Q

Types of PROTOCOL in a URL

A protocol for accessing the WWW documents

A

HTTP or Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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Q

Types of PROTOCOL in a URL

A protocol for Transferring files from one computer to another

A

FTP or File Transfer Protocol

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Q

Types of PROTOCOL in a URL

A protocol for accessing documents via ____ menus (archaic; no longer widely used)

A

Gopher

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Q

Types of PROTOCOL in a URL

A protocol that allows users to logon to a remote computer

A

Telnet

Q

URL Host name

URL Host name

A

< host >.< organization >.< org type >

Q

URL Host name: Organization Types

Non profit organizations

A

.ORG

Q

URL Host name: Organization Types

Commercial hosts

A

.COM

Q

URL Host name: Organization Types

Network hosts

A

.NET

Q

URL Host name: Organization Types

Educational institutions

A

.EDU

Q

URL Host name: Organization Types

International treaty organizations

A

.GOV

Q

URL Host name: Organization Types

U.S. Military

A

.MIL

Q

A file type naming system on the internet; Allows browser to determine how to work correctly with given files.

A

MIME or Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

Q

WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Page appears exactly as it was encoded, nothing changes.
HTML documents are usually ____

A

Static

Q

WEB APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Page is compiled, or able to be changed

A

Dynamic

Q

There are needs for dynamic documents

A

Search results
Database access
Context sensitive reply

Q

The first type possible on the web; actions occur at server

A

Server-Side

Q

Generally easier to implement; may be prepared & implemented offline; action Occours on the browser

A

Client-Side

Q

____ are embedded inside HTML documents. They are interpreted by browsers. It provides responses to questions and queries.

A

Client-Side scripting

Q

Client-Side Advantages

A

Faster response time
Better animation
Simpler server programs

Q

Client-Side Disadvantages

A

Longer load time
Browser compatibility
Complexity in web page design

Q

A scripting language for web pages, developed by Netscape in 1995; it is embedded directly in HTML; is good for adding dynamic features to web page, controlling forms and GUI

A

JavaScript

Q

JavaScript Advantage

A

Easy to learn and use
Wide browser support
Protection of local resources

Q

JavaScript Disadvantages

A

Browser compatibility issues
Not object oriented
Unable to gain access to local resources

Q

This can be server-side or client-side.; can define small, special-purpose programs in JAVA; interpreted by JAva Virtual Machine embedded in the browser; good for more complex tasks or data heavy tasks, such as graphics.

A

JAVA APPLET

Q

Java Applet Advantages

A

High functionality
Object oriented and full graphics functionality
Protection of local resources
Wide browser support
With java2, be able to gain access to local resources with signed applets

Q

Java Applet Disadvantages

A

JVM compatibility issues
Difficulty to install and configure for local access
Loading time and performance may be poor for large application

Q

Server-Side Advantages

A

Allows creation of dynamic web pages
Modifies HTML code on the server before sent to client
Uses database such as Access Oracle
Responds to user input

Q

Server-Side Disadvantages

A

More complicated than HTML (with debugging)
Slower to load on the Server
Harder to learn
Web server must be enabled

Q

A standard for interfacing external applications with information servers, such as HTTP or Web servers.It is a program designed to accept and return data that conforms to the ____ specification.

A

CGI or Common Gateway Interface

Q

Widely-used Open Source general-purpose scripting language that is essentially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML.

A

PHP or Hypertext Preprocessor

Q

A Microsoft technology and runs on IIS(Internet Information Server) & PSW(Personal Web Server)

A

ASP or Active Server Pages

Q

The Sun’s solution for developing dynamic websites; ____ enables the developers to directly insert java code into a ____ file, this makes the development process very simple and its maintenance also becomes very easy.

A

JSP or Java Server Pages

Q

_________ attack is an attack meant to shut down a machine or network, making it inaccessible to its intended users.

A

Denial-of-Service (DOS)

Q

The World Wide Web has come a long way since its humble beginnings, evolving into a global network that permeates nearly every aspect of modern society. Its impact on ____________, _________, _______________, and ___________ is undeniable, shaping the way we live, work, and interact with one another.

A

communication, commerce, education and culture

Q

The World Wide Web, commonly known as the web, has revolutionized the way we ___________, ___________, and _____________.

A

communicate, access information, and conduct business

Q

The web gained widespread attention with the release of the ____________

A

Mosaic web browser

Q

Ongoing developments in web technologies such as _______ , _______ , and _______ continue to enhance the capabilities and user experience of the web.

A

HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript

Q

__________ is the amount of data that moves across a network during any given time.

A

Network traffic

Q

_________ is the direct result of someone using a search engine to locate content.

A

Organic traffic

Q

two general methods of DoS attacks

A

Flooding Services
Crashing Services

Q

Different SQL Injection Attacks in a Website

A

Union-based SQL injection
Error-based SQL injection
Blind SQL injection
Time-based SQL injection