Introduction Flashcards
It refers to the discipline involved in selection, provision, and interpretation of diagnostic testing that uses primarily sample from patients.
Laboratory Medicine
It refers to the systematic study of biochemical process associated with health and disease and the measurement of constituents.
Clinical Chemistry/Medicinal Chemistry/Chemical Pathology
Laboratory medicine is used for confirmation of a clinical suspension [True or False]
True
Laboratory Medicine excludes diagnosis [True or False]
True
Laboratory Medicine does not provide prognosis [True or False]
False
Specimens are ________ and substances are ________.
analyzed, measured
These are non functioning wastes products in the process of being cleared in the body.
Metabolites
Laboratory request that must be done within 1 hour.
STAT
Laboratory request that must be done within 2 hours.
Priority
Non urgent and special requests that must be performed within 4-6 hours.
Routine tests
It refers to the “Total Quality Control”
QA
It is a comprehensive set of policies and procedures.
QA
QA monitors quality performance starting from ________ and ends with ________.
Ordering of a laboratory determination; Application to patient care
Percentage of errors done by non-laboratory personnel in Pre-analytical phase
29%
Pipetting and preparation of PFF (Phase)
Analytical Phase
Centrifugation and separating or aliquoting of plasma (Phase)
Pre-analytical
Record keeping (Phase)
Analytical
Incubation of mixture (Phase)
Analytical
Reference ranges (Phase)
Post-analytical
It is concerned with the analytical phase of QA
QC
Assay of control sample (QA or QC)
QC
Instrument maintenance (QA or QC)
QC
Statistical Data Analysis (QA or QC)
QC
Proficiency Testing Survey (QA or QC)
QC
The proportion of individuals with that disease that test positively with the test
Diagnostic Sensitivity
The proportion of individual that will test negatively in the absence of disease
Diagnostic specificity
Ability to measure accurately one component in a specimen without interference
Analytical specificity
Ability to detect small differences in the concentration of a component in a series of specimens
Analytical Sensitivity
Easy to predict (Linear pattern)
Systematic errors
Easy to spot (outlier)
Random error
Solutions with known characteristics, value, and amount that is used to calibrate an assay method.
Reference material
A control material should be stable and sufficient to last at least _______?
1 year
Why are controls be available in convenient vial volumes?
To prevent cross contamination
They should be lyophilized and should be reconstituted before use
Control specimens
Most preferred source of control that should be sufficient for one year
Pooled control sera
The pooled control sera should be analyzed for how many times before obtaining the mean value for each constituent and standard deviation
At least 20 times
Source of commercial control sera
Human serum or bovine (can’t be used in IHC, Dye-binding techniques, and certain bilirubin assay)
Type of control that easily deteriorates and hazardous
Pooled control sera
It refers to the mean and true value
Accuracy
It refers to the reproducibility under identical conditions
Precision
