Introduction Flashcards
What is “sex”?
Anatomical and physiological differences.
What is “gender”?
1. What does it refer to?
2. Is it an issue?
2. Is it a field?
- Psychological, social, and cultural differences.
1. Learning, adopting…
2. Sociological issue.
3. A field of study.
How are identities constructed?
- Is gender the only one that is constructed?
- Socially and culturaly constructed.
- Discursively constructed.
- Reproduced.
- Reiterated.
- Sex is also socially constructed.
Does gender deny sex differences?
- No.
- It claims meanings given to the differences and how they are learnt.
How is sex learned?
- Identity that is internalized within normative orders.
Are normative orders dominant?
Yes, they repress other possibilities.
Who is associated with “the symbolic annihilation of women by the mass media”?
Gaye Tuchman
What is “the symbolic annihilation of women by the mass media”?
What does the media teach?
- Marginalization and stereotyping of women in media.
- How women and men should behave.
- What is approved
How does the Tuchman’s “annihilation” limit women?”
- Women can’t see themselves in life.
Does the media represent the reality of women? (Tuchman)
Give examples.
- No it doesn’t: Suffrage, paid labour, etc.
How does media encourage women in case of labour? (Tuchman)
- Discourage them.
- Be wife and a mother.
- Underemployed.
Who is associated with “gender trouble”?
Judith Butler
How are sex and gender produced? (Judith Butler)
- Discursively produced.
- Social agents reconstitute, reproduce, reiterate reality with language. (Binary)
What is performance? (Judith Butler)
- Not an event.
- Never-ending rituals with repetitive norms.
Is gender fixed? (Judith Butler)
How is binaristic gender described?
- No, it’s fluid.
It’s oppressive.
