Introduction Flashcards
What areas of anatomy?
Histology (microscopic feature), Gross anatomy (macroscopic feature),Neuroanatomy, Embryology
Axial
forms the main vertical axis of the body, and includes the head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular
include the limbs or appendages that attach to the axis
Superior(cranial)
Above or over
Inferior(Caudal)
Below or under
Anterior(ventral)
in front of, front
Posterior(dorsal)
after, behind, following, toward the rear
Medial
Toward the midline, middle, away from the side
Lateral
Toward the side, away from the middle
Proximal
Near, closer to the orgin
Distal
Away from, farther from the origin
Superficial
Closer to thr surface of the body
Deep to the skin
Farther from the surface of the body
Parietal
Indicating components of the body walls, which may include the muscles, connective tissue, and tissue covering the organs
Visceral
Lines the outer surfaces of the organs (viscera) that are located within the cavities
The four types of tissues
Epithelial, connective, nervous, muscular
Epithelium
tissue composed of closely apposed (side by side) cells with very little or no intervening intercellular substance
Covering Epithelium
cells that cover the external and internal surfaces
Glandular Epithelium
cells that produce and secrete products, such as hormones
Functions of Epithelium
Support and protection, permeability, sensation, secretion
Simple Epithelium
Epithelium that is only one cell layer thick
Stratified Epithelium
Epithelium that is two or more cell layers thick; only the deepest layer of cells is in contact with the basal lamina
Squamous Epithelium
Flat (thin), wide, and somewhat irregular in shape
Cuboidal
About the same size on all sides; the nucleus is usually centrally located
Columnar
Taller than they are wide; nucleus is oval and located in the basal region of the cell
Connective Tissue Functions
Support and protection, provides a structural framework for the body, medium for exchange of nutrients and metabolic waste, storage and repair, defence
