Introduction Flashcards
What is Orthodontics?
*Diagnosis and treatment of misaligned jaws and teeth.
Orthodontics play an important role in facial —
esthetics
Form- Esthetics
(4)
*Smile design
*Facial harmony
*Symmetry
*Psychological well being
Function
(4)
*Optimize occlusion
*Best possible masticatory
function
*Breathing
*Speech
Occlusal function enhancement
*Establish
*Establish
*Correct
*Establish
harmonious occlusal relationship in the three planes of space
anterior coupling
Antero posterior and vertical discrepancies
or normalized the transverse dimension
Interdisciplinary care
*Involves
*Requires
*Start with
*Result is dependent on (2)
several specialties of dentistry
careful panning
the end in mind
the team proficiency and the patient motivation
Dr. Angle’s Definition of the Correct occlusion
and Tooth Position
(2).
*Based on the relationship of the
upper and lower first permanent
molars in the AP dimension.
*“ The mesiobuccal cusp of the
upper first permanent molar is
in occlusion with the buccal
groove of the lower first molar
and a full complement of teeth
is present ”
Class I occlusion :
Class II- Class III
(3)
*This definition form Dr Angle
does not exclude malocclusion.
*Class I malocclusions are the
most frequent malocclusions
*And are present in 70% of the
population.
Malocclusions are
present in the
three dimensions
of space ( even
the fourth one:
time)
Xyz coordinates
Class II
The upper first permanent molar is
positioned mesially in relation to the
lower first permanent molar.
Class III
*The upper first permanent
molar is positioned distally in
relation to the lower first
permanent molar.
Role of orthodontics in oral health
*Esthetic:
*Functional ( Occlusal level) :
*Functional: ( Sleep Apnea) :
*Functional:
Improve quality of life by improving facial appearance.
QOL by improving function and mastication
QOL improvement by improving breathing and sleep –Multidisciplinary approach
Temporo mandibular care- Applicable to a small group of patients ( 10%)
Role of orthodontics in the predoctoral
curriculum
*1. Interceptive orthodontics
- Treatments in the mixed dentition aimed at improving esthetics and function
during active dentoalveolar development
- Treatments in the mixed dentition aimed at improving esthetics and function
during active dentoalveolar development
(4)
- Space maintenance
- Eruption guidance
- Crossbite corrections
- No comprehensive treatment done at that time
Role of orthodontics in the predoctoral
curriculum
(3)
- Monitoring the development of malocclusions
- Minor tooth movement in the adult
- Interdisciplinary care of restorative needs in adult patients
- Monitoring the development of malocclusions
- Refer to the orthodontist at the right time
- Minor tooth movement in the adult
- Invisalign or Inhouse aligners
- Interdisciplinary care of restorative needs in adult patients
(3)
- Recreating of an appropriate functional occlusion plane
- Optimizing spaces for implants
- Correcting unfavorable dental angulation and inclination
Interceptive orthodontics
1. Timing
(3)
- Not a prolonged treatment!
- Start at the appropriate time
- Correct the issue and observe
until comprehensive treatment
can be initiated
Interceptive Treatments
(3)
*Space maintenance
*Correction
*Limited bracketing can help in
correcting poor inclination of
incisors.
Minor tooth
movement in
the adult
(2)
- Invisalign
- In house aligners
Interdisciplinary care
(4)
*Optimize spacing
*Create a functional occlusal
plane
*“Minor” tooth movement
*Molar uprighting is usually not
minor tooth movement
Proffitt and Akerman improved the Angle
classification.
Three dimensions of space
- Anteroposterior
- Vertical
- Transverse
Time: Growth or aging
The one most researched as Dr Angle only defined malocclusions in this
plane of space.
Antero-posterior Dimension
First Dimension: Anteroposterior (sagittal)
(3)
*Follow angle’s principles
* Classification of the molar
relationship
* “Classify the canine relationship”
First Dimension: Anteroposterior (sagittal)
*Overjet:
* Etiologies
(2)
- Skeletal: Involve one or 2 jaws
- Dentoalveolar ( dental): Involve upper and or lower incisors
Overjet:
can be
positive or negative
*0mm :
End to end occlusion
*2mm :
Normal overjet
*4mm :
Light overjet
*6mm :
Moderate overjet
*8mm :
Severe overjet
*10mm:
Excessive overjet
Overbite
Amount of coverage of the lower incisor crown by
the upper incisor in maximum interdigitation
(percentage)
Normal overbite (—%)
20
Deep overbite (—%)
100
Transverse Dimension
(3)
*Width of the arch
*Arch form
*According to
Proffit,30% of
adult patients
present with a
transverse
discrepancy
Arch width and form
(6)
*Normal
*Narrow
*Wide
*Tapered,
*“Normal”,
*Square
Malocclusions exist in —
planes of space.
three
Dr Angle described a very
generic ways to define
—.
malocclusions
