Introduction

Question 1

Routing processs?

Answer 1

-The process of transferring data from one local area network to another
-Layer 3 devices
-Routing protocols gather and share the routing information used to maintain and update routing tables.
-That routing information is in turn used to route a routed protocol to its final destination

Question 2

What do you need for Routing Process?

Answer 2

1.Destination addresses
2.Sources it can learn from
3.Possible routes
4.Best route

routers must learn destinations that are not directly connected

Question 3

What is a routing protocol?

Answer 3

Routing protocols are used between routers to determine paths and maintain routing tables.
After the path is determinated,a router can route a routed protocol

Question 4

Routers and IP Packet Delivery .

Answer 4

1. Router receives frame.
2. Router de-encapsulates frame and sees it is an packet.
3. Router checks to see if the packet stays here or goes to the next hop. If the packet needs to be forwarded, it consults the routing table.
4. If it stays, the router uses ARP. If the packet goes, it uses MAC of next hop.
5. Outgoing interface encapsulates the packet for correct media and sends it out.

Question 5

Route types

Answer 5

1.Directly connected:
Router attaches to this network

2.Static routing:
Entered manually by a system administrator

3.Dynamic routing:
Learned by exchange of routing information

4.Default route:
Statically or dynamically learned; used when no explicit route to network is known

Question 6

Routing metrics

Answer 6

Bandwith
Delay
Hop count
Cost

Question 7

Static Routes

Answer 7

–Benefits—-
No overhead on the router CPU
No bandwidth usage between routers
Adds security

—-Disadvantage—-
Administrator must really understand the internetwork
If a network is added to the internetwork, the administrator has to add a
route to it on all routers
Not feasible in large networks

Question 8

Default Routes

Answer 8

Default routes are used to route packets with destinations that do not match any of the
other routes in the routing table.
A default route is actually a special static route that uses this format:
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 [next-hop-address | outgoing interface]
This is sometimes referred to as a “Quad-Zero” route.

Question 9

Routing Categories

Answer 9

Exterior Gateway Protocols
Interior Gateway Protocols

base Autonomous System

Question 10

Interior Routing Protocols and Exterior Routing Protocols

Answer 10

IRP :::Rip,IGRP,EIGRP,OSPF

ERP:::BGP

Question 11

Classful vs Classless Routing Protocols

Answer 11

Classful routing protocols do not include the subnet mask with the route advertisement.
Within the same network, consistency of the subnet masks is assumed.
Summary routes are exchanged between foreign networks.
Examples of classful routing protocols:
RIP Version 1 (RIPv1), IGRP

Classless routing protocols include the subnet mask with the route advertisement.
Classless routing protocols support variable-length subnet masking (VLSM) and subnetting
Examples of classless routing protocols:
RIP Version 2 (RIPv2), EIGRP, OSPF