INTRODUCTION

Question 1

Three disciplines devoted to drugs

Answer 1

Pharmacology
Pharmacognosy
Medicinal chemistry

Question 2

Two constituents of drugs:

Answer 2

Active constituents

Inert constituents

Question 3

Compounds that are responsible for the therapeutic effect.

Answer 3

Active constituents

Question 4

Constituent with no pharmacologic activity

Answer 4

Inert constituents

Question 5

Three secondary constituents

Answer 5

Heredity
Ontogeny
Environmental Factors

Question 6

Study of the biochemical pathways leading to the formation of secondary constituents used as drugs

Answer 6

Drug biosynthesis

Question 7

Made papyrus ebers

Answer 7

George Ebers

Question 8

Content of papyrus ebers

Answer 8

Use of plant & animals in medicine

Question 9

Egyptian document

Answer 9

Papyrus ebers

Question 10

Book authored by Dioscorides

Answer 10

De Materia Medica

Question 11

Content of De Materia Medica

Answer 11

Use of 600 medicinal plants

Question 12

Method of processes of preparing formulas containing animal & plant drugs

Answer 12

Galenical pharmacy

Question 13

Name of Galen

Answer 13

Claudius Galen

Question 14

Who coined the term Pharmacognosy

Answer 14

C. A. Sydler

Question 15

Words where pharmacognosy is derived from

Answer 15

pharmakon - “drug”

gnosis - “knowledge

Question 16

First one to use the term Pharmacognosy in literature

Answer 16

J.A. Schmidth

Question 17

French Pharmacist and made quinine w/ the collaboration of Pelletiere

Answer 17

Joseph Caventou

Question 18

Phytochemist who discovered codein and narcotine

Answer 18

Pierre Robiquet

Question 19

German Pharmacist who discovered hyoscyamine

Answer 19

Rudolf Brandes

Question 20

Discovered atropine w/ the collaboration of Rudolf Brandes

Answer 20

Philip Geiger

Question 21

Father of Botany

Answer 21

Theophrastus

Question 22

Plant grows in their native countries

Answer 22

Indigenous

Question 23

Grew in foreign land other than their native countries

Answer 23

Naturalized

Question 24

Substances that are found in nature that comprise whole plants & herbs

Answer 24

Natural substances

Question 25

Single substance/s which are considered as chief constituents of the drugs

Answer 25

Derivatives

Question 26

Vegetable or animal drugs that consist of natural substances that have undergone only the presence of COLLECTION & DRYING.

Answer 26

Crude drugs

Question 27

Three classifications of drug constituents

Answer 27

Natural Semi-synthetic Totally synthetic

Question 28

Classification of drug constituents that are directly obtained from nature

Answer 28

Natural constituents

Question 29

Classification of drug constituents from chemical modification of a natural constituent

Answer 29

Semi-synthetic

Question 30

Ex: Camphor from Camphor Plants What classification of drug constituent?

Answer 30

Natural constituent

Question 31

Ex: Camphor < pinene < pine trees What classification of drug constituent?

Answer 31

Semi-synthetic

Question 32

Classification of drug constituent that manufactures from chemical synthesis

Answer 32

Totally synthetic

Question 33

5 ways of preparation of crude drugs

Answer 33

``` Collection Harvesting Drying Curing Garbling Packaging, storage, preservation ```

Question 34

What to do in the collection of crude drugs?

Answer 34

Select the species to cultivate

Question 35

Two ways of harvesting of crude drugs

Answer 35

Manual labor | Mechanical devices

Question 36

What does drying of species lower?

Answer 36

Bacterial growth Fungi growth Hydrolysis

Question 37

Method of enhancing the properties of the active ingredient

Answer 37

Curing

Question 38

Physical process of removing extraneous material

Answer 38

Exposure of the drug to 65C Temperature Methyl Bromide Chloroform

Question 39

Simplest form in preventing insect attacks & other form of destruction

Answer 39

Exposure of the drug to 65C Temperature

Question 40

Use of methyl bromide in preservation of drugs

Answer 40

Fumigation of large lots of crude drugs

Question 41

Amount of chloroform to control insect attack

Answer 41

Few drops

Question 42

5 Methods of Evaluation of Crude Drugs

Answer 42

``` Biological Chemical Microcopic Morphological Physical ```

Question 43

4 classifications of drugs

Answer 43

Morphologic Taxonomic Pharmacologic Chemical

Question 44

Classification of drug that is based on the part used

Answer 44

Morphologic

Question 45

Classification of drug that is based on the relationship or phylogeny

Answer 45

Taxonomic

Question 46

Classification of drugs that are based on therapeutic activity

Answer 46

Pharmacologic

Question 47

Classification of drugs that is based on the chemical class of the constituents

Answer 47

Chemical classification