Introducing HTML and Addressing Web Pages — Unit 1 Flashcards
What is the definition and full name of HTML?
HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is a modern standard markup language that uses common abbreviations called “tags’ to indicate to the web browser how the author would like to have sections of a web page laid out.
A structural element to contain the main content is what?
<main>
</main>
A structural element to contain stand-alone items of content, such as self-contained topic is what?
<article>
</article>
A structural element to group together associated content, such as articles related to a common topic is what?
<section>
</section>
A structural element to contain related content is what?
<aside>
</aside>
Structural elements to contain standalone illustrations diagrams, or photos for reference is what?
<figure>, <figcaption>
</figcaption></figure>
A structural element to contain page header content, such as a title, logo, and navigation is what?
<header>
</header>
A structural element to contain page footer content, such as copyright information and contact details is what?
<footer>
</footer>
Semantic elements to indicate pronunciation for East Asian languages, such as Japanese is what?
<ruby>, <rt>, and <rp></rp></rt></ruby>
- Hot Tip *
HTML5 finally brings intrinsic support for audio and video content with codec support built into the browsers.
DON’T FORGET
Much effort has been made in HTML5 so that it does not “break the web” — by continuing to define how browsers should deal with legacy markup code.
Embedding elements to incorporate audio and video media, such as MP3 music files are what?
<audio>, <video>, and <source></source>
</video></audio>
An embedding element to incorporate media that DOES require an external plug-in, such as movies in SWF format is what?
<embed></embed>
An embedding element to create an area in which to dynamically draw bitmap graphics, such as graphs is what?
<canvas>
</canvas>
Interactive elements to contain additional information that users can choose to read is what?
<details>, <summary>
</summary></details>
Elements to add functionality to the web browser’s context menu is what?
<menu>, <menuitem>
</menuitem></menu>
What do web servers use to allow any computer connected to any web server to access files across the web?
Web servers use the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) as a common communication standard to allow any computer connected to any web server to access files across the web.
What are HTML web pages?
HTML web pages are merely plain text files that have been saved with a “.htm” or “.html” file extension, such as index.html
BEWARE
A web page address (URL) cannot contain any blank spaces.
What is the web address formally known as?
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
In order to access a file across the web, its web address must be entered into the address field of the web browser. The web address is formally known as its “Uniform Resource Locator” (URL) and typically has three parts. What are those three parts and their definition?
Protocol — Any URL using the HTTP protocol begins by specifying the protocol as http:// or secure https://
Domain — The host name of the computer from which the file can be downloaded.
For instance, www.example.com
Path — The virtual path to the file on the named domain, including any parent directory names where applicable
For instance, /htdocs/index.html
A URL describing the location of a file by protocol, domain, and path is stating its “absolute address”. So the absolute address of the file described by the protocol, domain, and path components above is
http://www.example.com/htdocs/index.html
