intro_to_psychology_20240830140526 Flashcards
Any theory of behavior that
emphasizes internal conflicts,
motives, and unconscious forces.
Psychodynamic theory
Seeking knowledge for their own sake
Basic Research
A behaviorist approach that rejects both introspection and any study of mental events, such as thinking, as inappropriate topics for scientific psychology.
Radical Behaviorism
In Freudian theory, the parts of the mind that are beyond awareness, especially conflicts, impulses, and desires not directly known to a person.
Dynamic unconscious
The idea that all behavior has prior causes that would completely explain one’s choices and actions if all such causes were known
Determinism
A medical doctor with additional training in the diagnosis
and treatment of mental and emotional disorders.
Psychiatrist
A psychologist who specializes in the treatment of
psychological and behavioral disturbances or who does research on such disturbances.
Counseling Psychologist
Information
gained from direct observation.
Empirical evidence
Freudian approach to psychotherapy emphasizing the exploration of the unconscious using free association, dream, interpretation, resistances, and transference to uncover unconscious conflicts.
Psychoanalysis
Any muscular action,
glandular activity, or other identifiable
aspect of behavior.
Response
Psychologists who accept the broad features of Freud’s theory but have revised the theory to include the role of
cultural and social factors while still accepting some of its basic concepts.
Neo-Freudians
The process of fully developing personal potential
Self-actualization
Any physical energy
that an organism senses.
Stimulus
Personal
observation of your own thoughts,
feelings, and behavior.
Introspection
A mental health professional (Usually a medical
doctor) trained to practice psychoanalysis.
Psychoanalyst
An old term describing the inability of introspectionists to become subjectively aware of some mental processes; an early term describing the cognitive unconscious.
Imageless thought
An unfounded belief held without objective evidence or
in the face of falsifying evidence
Superstition
In research, an animal whose behavior is studied to derive principles that may apply to human behavior.
Animal model
The tendency to remember or notice things that
confirm our expectations and ignore the rest.
Confirmation bias
Study of people as inherently good and motivated to learn and improve Humanists are interested in psychological needs for love, self- esteem, belonging, self-expression, creativity, and spirituality
Humanistic psychology
An objective approach to answering question that relies on careful observations and experiments
Science
Study of thinking, learning, and perception in whole units, not by analysis into parts.
Gestalt Psychology
To solve immediate practical problems.
Applied Research
Many observers
can confirm what’s been.
Intersubjective
Carefully planned
Systematic
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Psychology
A school of psychology that considers behaviors in terms of active adaptations.
Functionalism
A psychologist who specializes in the treatment of milder
emotional and behavior disturbances.
Clinical Psychologist
An approach acknowledging that biological, psychological, and social factors interact to influence human behavior
and mental processes.
Biopsychosocial model
An
empirical investigation structured
to answer questions about the
world in a systematic and
intersubjective fashion.
Scientific observation
The part of the mind of which we are subjectively unaware and that is not open to introspection.
Cognitive Unconscious
Unfounded belief system that
seems to be based on science.
Pseudoscience or “False Science.”
Defining a scientific concept by stating the specific actions or procedures used to measure it.
Operational definition
The ability to freely make choices that are not controlled by genetics, learning, or unconscious forces; the idea that human beings are capable of making choices or decisions themselves.
Free will
The study of information processing, thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving.
Cognitive Psychology
A mental health professional who specializes in helping
people with problems that do not involve serious mental disorders.
Counselor
School of thought in
psychology that emphasizes the study of
observable actions over the study of the
mind.
Behaviorism
A person highly trained in the methods, factual
knowledge, and theories of psychology.
Psychologist
Study of
sensations and personal
experiences analyzed as basic
elements.
Structuralism
