Intro, what is life Flashcards
What is the general purpose of biochemistry?
To explore the fundamental molecules and processes within and related to living organisms
Living cells are essentially chemical ____.
Engines
Living cells exist in a dynamic steady state: they are never at ____.
Equilibrium
“Biochemistry is ____ and life is ____”
Life; biochemistry
All biomolecules are a combination of what six essential atoms?
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur
What is a benefit of space fill molecular models?
Makes it easier to visualise the molecules in 3D (remember, physical form is related to function)
What is a Dalton?
A unit of mass of a single proton, 1.66x10^-24g
What is the numerical value of a Dalton?
1.66x10^-24
The unit of mass of a single proton is called a ____
Dalton (written as Da)
One mol is ____ molecules
6.022x10^23
How do you calculate the mass of a compound in Daltons?
Add up the atomic mass of each atom in the compound
Name the four essential types of biomolecules
Lipids/fatty acids, carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleotides
Amino acids are the subunits of ____
Proteins
Nucleotides are the subunits of ____ and ____
DNA and RNA
What is the term for a carbohydrate monomer?
Monosaccharide
What is the term for a carbohydrate polymer?
Polysaccharide
What is the term for a protein monomer?
Amino acid
What is the term for a protein polymer?
Polypeptide
What is the term for a nucleotide polymer?
Nucleic acid
Lipids (fatty acids and glyerol) are not true ____
Polymers
Almost all organic compounds contain ____ covalently bonded to ____
Carbon; hydrogen
Almost all organic compounds contain carbon ____ bonded to hydrogen
Covalently
Name two organic compounds that do not have a carbon covalently bonded to a hydrogen
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and urea (CO(NH2)2)
Name two inorganic compounds commonly found in the body
Calcium, iron
What is the term for a monomer of DNA?
Nucleotide
