Intro Vocab

Question 1

Taxonomy

Answer 1

Science of Identifying, naming, and classifying organisms.

Question 2

Binomial system

Answer 2

Developed by Carl von Linne (Carolus Linnaeus) in 1735 2.Each name has two parts a)Genus b)Species 3.Allows communication between scientists

Question 3

Taxa

Answer 3

Hierarchical arrangement Each level is more specific than the level above it 3.Helps to understand animals by grouping together 4.Helps to see evolutionary relationships between animals

Question 4

Phylogeny

Answer 4

evolutionary tree showing relationships between groups

Question 5

cladogram

Answer 5

diagram used that shows relations among organisms

Question 6

Species

Answer 6

Actually exist a)Other taxa are arbitrary groupings

Question 7

Biological species concept

Answer 7

Groups of actually or potentially interbreeding populations which are reproductively isolated from other such groups

Question 8

Reproductive isolation

Answer 8

No exchange of genetic material (2)Isolating mechanisms (a)Physical (b)Physiological (c) Chromosomal (d)Behavioral c)Problems (1)asexual reproduction (2)hybrids

Question 9

Evolutionary species concept

Answer 9

A single lineage of ancestor-descendent populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and that has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate

Question 10

Phylogenetic species concept

Answer 10

An irreducible (basal) grouping of organisms diagnosably distinct from other such groupings and within which there is a parental pattern of ancestry and descent

Question 11

monophyly

Answer 11

taxon contains the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and all of its descendants

Question 12

paraphyly

Answer 12

taxon contains the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group but excludes some descendants of that ancestor

Question 13

polyphyly

Answer 13

taxon does not contain the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group b)taxon has multiple evolutionary origins

Question 14

Evolutionary taxonomy

Answer 14

Evolutionary taxonomy 1.evolutionary taxa must a)have a single evolutionary origin b)show unique adaptive features 2.adaptive zone a)a characteristic reaction and mutual relationship between environment and organism, a way of life and not a place where life is led

Question 15

Cladistics

Answer 15

all taxa must be monophyletic

Question 16

prokaryotes

Answer 16

a) no nucleus 3.found everywhere 4.extremely abundant

Question 17

eukaryotes

Answer 17

cells with membrane-bound nuclei 3.includes: protozoa (amebas, Euglena, Paramecium, choanoglagellates, etc.) slime molds fungi plants animals