Intro to Ther Ex Flashcards
Define balance
ability to align body segments against gravity yo maintain or move the body (center of mass) within the available base of support without falling.
Define cardiopulmonary fitness
ability to perform low level, repetitive total body movements over an extended period of time
Define flexibility
ability to move freely without restriction
Define mobility
AND
What is the major difference between passive and active mobility?
ability os structures or segments of the body to move to be moved to allow ROM for functional activities
- Passive mobility is dependent on flexibility
- Active mobility requires neuromuscular activation
Define stability
ability of the neuromuscular system to control a stable base during superimposed movement
Define muscle performance
capacity of a muscle to produce tension and so physical work
(encompasses power, strength, and muscular endurance)
Define coordination
correct timing and sequencing of muscle contractions leading to effective, smooth and accurate movement that can occur at the conscious or automatic level
List the components of the patient management model and the IFC Model. Where does Ther. Ex. fit into the models?
Patient Management Model:
- Examination
- Evaluation
- Diagnosis
- Prognosis/POC
- Intervention*
- Re-Eval
- Discharge
*Ther. Ex. fits in Intervention!
IFC Model:
- Pathology
- Impairment
- Functional Limitation
- Disability
What are the 3 components of evidence based practice?
- Best Research Evidence
- Clinical Expertise
- Patient Values and Preferences
Name at least 4 considerations to keep in mind when introducing patients to their exercise program. (There are 8 to choose from.)
- Current health, medications, medical hx
- Clearance from MD
- Current level of function/impairments
- Risk factors
- Environment
- Pt response to activity
- Pt education/ability to learn
- Protection of yourself (body mechanics)
List and discuss the different types of feedback (know how they are different from each other) (9)
- Intrinsic feedback*
- sensory cues INHERENT in execution of motor task
- arise directly from performing or attempting to perform task
- may immediately follow completion of task or occur before task is complete
- usually involves proprioceptive, kinesthetic, tactile, visual, or auditory cues - Augmented (extrinsic) feedback*
- sensory cues from EXTERNAL source that supplement intrinsic feedback and NOT inherent in execution of task
- arise from mechanical source or from another person - Concurrent feedback*
- Occurs during performance of task (real-time feedback) - Postresponse feedback*
- Occurs after completing or attempting to complete a motor skill - Immediate feedback
- Info given directly after task completed - Delayed feedback
- Info given after short time of letting pt think about their performance - Summary Postresponse feedback
- info given about average performance of several reps of motor skill - Variable feedback
- irregular, random feedback during practice of motor skill - Constant feedback
- regular, recurring, continuous feedback during practice of motor skill
Know the difference between blocked, random, and random blocked practice.
Blocked-Order Practice: Doing same ex repeatedly (task does not change from 1 rep to the next)
- ie. practice walking in same environment/surface, lifting containers of equal size and weight
Random-Order Practice: Task changes with each rep
- ie. stepping to and from platforms of diff heights, sit to stand from chairs of different heights in random order
Random/Blocked-Order Practice: Random ex but you do several reps before moving on to the next ex
- ie. the different height chairs - sit to stand several times from the same chair and then randomly move to a different height chair and repeat series of sit to stand from that chair
Define Wolff’s Law
the body will adapt, react, and develop according to the stresses or strains that ARE or ARE NOT placed upon it
Define the overload principle
improved muscle performance requires that “the muscle must be challenged to perform at a level greater than that to which it is accustomed”
strength training = increased resistance
endurance training = increased time of contraction or # of reps
Discuss/Define specificity
Ex is most effective in reaching functional goals when it mimics the anticipated function
(the closer you get the ex to the functional activity, the better)
Includes: mode, velocity, position, movement pattern
