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Operative Exam 1 > Intro to Surgical Tx > Flashcards

Intro to Surgical Tx Flashcards

1
Q

accepted terminology

A

scientific language developed for precise and accurate communication within the profession to insure the health and wellbeing of our patients

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2
Q

operative dentistry

A

restoring damaged areas of teeth

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3
Q

operative dentistry restores damage to teeth caused by…(6)

A 
caries 
erosion
abrasion
attrition
fracture
developmental defects
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4
Q

Do all caries lesions require restoration?

A

no

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5
Q

how are early caries lesions treated

A

risk management strategies
remineralization therapy
(non-invasive/non-surgical tx)

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6
Q

do all abrasion, attrition, and erosion lesions require restoration?

A

no

specific indications for operative intervention must be present

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7
Q

preparation

A

cutting tooth structure with the goal of shaping the cavity to receive the restorative material

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8
Q

Because tooth is a tissue of the human body, cutting a cavity preparation constitutes a _____

A

surgical procedure

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9
Q

purpose of dental restoration

A

restore form, function, esthetics
protect pulp, periodontium, remaining tooth
prevents adjacent/opposing teeth from changing position

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10
Q

Name the 4 types of restorative materials

A

provisional/temporary
definitive/permanent
direct
indirect

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11
Q

class I cavity

A

pits and fissures

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12
Q

class II cavity

A

proximal contacts of posterior teeth

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13
Q

class III cavity

A

proximal contacts of anteriors

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14
Q

class IV

A

incisal angle fracture

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15
Q

class V cavity

A

cervical - facial or lingual
inferior to COC (gingival third/infrabulge area)
ALL TEETH

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16
Q

a restoration consists of:

A

prep

restorative material

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17
Q

definitive restorative materials are….

A

permanent

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18
Q

direct restorative materials

A

placed directly into prepared cavity
amalgam
compacted gold
composite resin

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19
Q

indirect restorative materials

A

fabricated outside the mouth and subsequently cemented into place
cast gold
procelain
porcelain fused to metal

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20
Q

lay terms

A

less technical terms used in communicating with patients

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21
Q

archaic terms

A

no longer used but found in the older literature

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22
Q

jargon

A

slang, idioms, regional terms, and other innacurate communication

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23
Q

incipient caries lesion

A

reversible

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24
Q

tx options for incipient caries

A 
fluoride
xylitol
diet counseling
antimicrobial tx
sealants
education
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25
Q

what are the indications that the coronal surface of a tooth has reached the early cavity (irreversible) stage?

A

lesion reaches dentin

frank cavitation

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26
Q

what are the indications that a root surface has reached the early cavity (irreversible) stage?

A

surface softening penetrates deeply (> .5 mm)

cavitation

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27
Q

a tooth reaching the early cavity stage idicates the need for…

A

surgical intervention

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28
Q

operation

A

LAY TERM for surgical procedure

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29
Q

placing a restoration is often referred to as…(3)

A

operative tx
surgical intervention
restorative services

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30
Q

GV Black’s classifications of cavities are useful because…

A

lesions in similar locations on different teeth could be approached w a similar restoration design

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31
Q

Where are Class I cavities most commonly found

A

occlusal surfaces
occlusal 2/3rds of buccal and lingual surfaces of posteriors
Also - lingual surfaces of incisors

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32
Q

Class VI cavity

A

not part of the original classification by GV Black

Cusp tips/incisal edges

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33
Q

prep wall

A

surround the perimeter of prep

set limit to cavity depth

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34
Q

prep line angle

A

where prep walls intersect

35
Q

cavosurface angle/margin

A

prep wall intersecting with a tooth surface

36
Q

point angle

A

junction of 3 line angles

37
Q

prep walls take the name of…

A

the surfaces toward which they are placed

38
Q

pulpal floor

A

wall lying perpendicular to the long axis of tooth

in close relationship to the pulp

39
Q

gingival wall/seat

A

prep wall lying perpendicular to long axis of tooth and in close proximity to the gingiva

40
Q

axial wall

A

prep wall standing parallel to the long axis of the tooth and in close relationship to the pulp

41
Q

What are the 2 conceptual divisons of class II cavity preps

A

occlusal portion - part crossing the occlusal surface

proximal box - portion dropping down on mesial/distal surface

42
Q

proximal box

A

portion of a class II cavity prep that drops down on the mesial or distal surface

43
Q

which walls are common to both parts (occlusal and proximal portions) of a class II cavity prep

A

buccal wall

lingual wall

44
Q

how do you name the buccal and lingual walls of a MO or DO class II cavity prep?

A

buccal occlusal wall
buccal proximal wall
lingual occlusal wall
lingual proximal wall

45
Q

how do you name the buccal and lingual walls of a MOD class II cavity prep?

A 
mesio-buccal proximal wall
mesio-lingual proximal wall
disto-buccal proximal wall
disto-lingual proximal wall
buccal occlusal wall
lingual occlusal wall
46
Q

line angles are named for…

A

the 2 walls forming them
first - axial
last - pulpal/gingival

47
Q

cavosurface angles are named by…

A

the wall forming them

ex. distal cavosurface margin

48
Q

point angles are named for…

A

the 3 walls forming them

axio-linguo-gingival point angle

linguo-gingivo-cavosurface point angle

49
Q

name the 7 basic principles of cavity preparation (usually performed somewhat in this order)

A
  1. outline form
  2. resistance form
  3. retention form
  4. convenience form
  5. caries removal
  6. finish of the enamel walls
  7. cleansing the cavity
50
Q

outline form

A

the final extent (position and dimensions) and configuration (shape) of the cut face of the cavity prep

51
Q

what are the two parts of outline form

A

external outline form

internal outline form

52
Q

external outline form

A

perimeter of the prepared cavity

configuration of the enamel cavosurface margin following cavity preparation

53
Q

internal outline form

A

inner dimension and details (depth, shape) of the prep

54
Q

Factors that affect outline form (4)

A

extend of the caries lesion
proximity of lesion to other defects
relationship of adjacent and opposing teeth
esthetic considerations

55
Q

the extent of the caries lesion will affect the outline form of the cavity prep - what are the requirements of the prep in order for it to be successful? (4)

A
  1. remove all tooth structure destroyed by caries process
  2. include unsupported enamel
  3. include contiguous pits, fossae, deep grooves, existing restorations, and fissures to terminate margins on smooth tooth structure
  4. avoid sound cusps and marginal ridges
56
Q

resistance form

A

form of prep that aids in prevention of fracture of tooth/restorative material during function
features that resist biting forces (vertical, lateral)

57
Q

retention form

A

form of prep that protects restoration against displacement

Undercuts, etc. to lock restoration into tooth structure

58
Q

convenience form

A

Form of cavity that allows adequate vision and access for instrumentation/insertion of restorative material
Usually obtained while developing outline form

59
Q

caries removal (general principle of cavity prep)

A

removal of any carious tissue that has extended beyond the optimal cavity form established

60
Q

finish of the enamel walls (general principles of cavity prep)

A

Refinements to prep

61
Q

cleansing the cavity (general principles of cavity prep)

A

Removal of moisture and debris prior to placement of the restorative material

62
Q

set up

A

set of instruments and supplies necessary to carry out a given procedure

63
Q

armamentarium

A

Complete supply of instruments, equipment, and supplies available to a clinician in a given office/clinical setting

64
Q

instruments used in preparing cavities and placing restorative materials can be broadly classified into _____ and _____

A

Rotary instruments

Hand instruments

65
Q

Hand instruments can be further categorized into ________ and ______

A

hand cutting instruments

Non-cutting instruments

66
Q

Hand cutting instruments are ______ and have ______ blades to resist dulling

A

Double ended

Carbide

67
Q

1st # on hand cutting instruments

A

width of blade (tenths of mm)

68
Q

2nd # on hand cutting instruments

A

length of blade (mm)

69
Q

3rd # on hand cutting instruments

A

Angle of blade to long axis of handle (centigrades)

70
Q

4th # on hand cutting instruments

A

Not always present
If present - between 1st and 2nd #s
Angle the cutting edge formes with long axis of handle (centigrades)
gingival margin trimmers, angle formers

71
Q

Hand cutting instruments can be divided into types according to their overall shape and purpose, including…

A 
chisels
hatchets
hoes
gingival margin trimmers
spoon excavators, etc.
72
Q

Non cutting hand instruments include…

A

Amalgam condensers
Burnishers
Carvers
Material placement instruments, etc.

73
Q

Hand cutting instruments are used to…(4)

A

Cleave enamel
Smooth outline form
Planes walls
Refine cavosurfaces

74
Q

What are 2 ways to test the sharpness of a hand cutting instrument?

A
  1. place primary cutting edge against thumbnail and gently drag - if it is dull, it will not engage nail
  2. look head on at primary cutting edge under bright light - if light reflected from the cutting edge, this means there is a bevel = dull
75
Q

The primary cutting edge is designed with a ____ degree angle

A

45 degree

76
Q

for most instruments, the primary cutting edge is at a ____ angle to the long axis of the blade

A

90 degree

77
Q

sharpening technique

A
  • wear gloves
  • place cutting face (bevel that creates cutting edge) flat against sharpening stone
  • cutting face should be maintained at a 45 degree angle to the rest of the blade
  • firm forward, light backward (½ the stone) 20x
78
Q

Cutting face

A

bevel that creates the cutting edge

79
Q

during sharpening, the cutting face should be maintained at a _____ angle to the rest of the blade

A

45 degrees

80
Q

How many cycles of the sharpening technique of firm forward, light backwards should be performed

A

20

81
Q

pen grasp

A

provides stability, control for refinement

action - down and away from DDS

82
Q

reverse pen grasps (inverted pen grasp)

A

pen grasp with wrist turned clockwise until palm is up
action - up and toward DDS
Used in Mx arch

83
Q

Palm-thumb grasp

A

More secure grasp where power is needed

Primary used on Mx

Operative Exam 1 (5 decks)

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