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Orthotics, Prosthetics and Modalities > Intro to Splinting > Flashcards

Intro to Splinting Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main goal of the shoulder joint?

A

The main goal of the shoulder joint is to provide mobility to position the hand in space.

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2
Q

T or F: For the shoulder, you need more mobility for function than stability.

A

True

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3
Q

Should you sacrifice stability to be able to position that hand in space for mobility?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Why is shoulder mobility more important to work on than shoulder stability?

A

If you can’t position your arm in space, then there is limited function.

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5
Q

T or F: The rotator cuff muscles are on top of the deltoid.

A

False; they are beneath the deltoid.

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6
Q

What muscles does the strength of the shoulder come from?

A

The rotator cuff muscles

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7
Q

What are the most important muscles for mobility of the shoulder?

A

The rotator cuff muscles

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8
Q

What is another name for frozen shoulder?

A

Idiopathic

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9
Q

Does frozen shoulder unfreeze itself?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Are there a lot of orthotics for the shoulder?

A

No

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11
Q

How many joints are in the elbow?

A

3

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12
Q

What are the joints of the elbow?

A

Radial-humerus
Ulnar Humerus
Proximal radial-ulnar

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13
Q

What is the unforgiving joint?

A

The elbow joint

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14
Q

Why is the elbow known as the unforgiving joint?

A

The elbow gets stiff very quickly and it’s hard for it to become unstiff.

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15
Q

True or False: Ligaments connect muscle to bone.

A

False; they connect bone to bone

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16
Q

Functionally, is elbow extension or elbow flexion more important?

A

Elbow flexion is more important functionally

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17
Q

What is stiff when you are told your joints are stiff?

A

Ligaments

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18
Q

What does stiffness mean?

A

Limited passive ROM

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19
Q

T or F: The tendon needs to glide to pull through the tissues to move.

A

True

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20
Q

What is a contracture?

A

Bond with the ligaments are stuck together; the ligaments have tightened up which does not allow for the joint to move.

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21
Q

T or F: Ligaments have elasticity.

A

False; ligaments do not have elasticity.

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22
Q

T or F: Ligaments do not lengthen or shorten.

A

False; ligaments lengthen and shorten.

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23
Q

T or F: If the fibers in a ligament stay in shortened positions, they glue together.

A

True

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24
Q

What happens if you break the tissues of a muscle?

A

You are tearing the tissues and they will respond with pain and inflammation.

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25
Q

Is stability or mobility more important for the wrist?

A

Stability is more important.

26
Q

Why is stability more important for the wrist?

A

You need stability to be able to pick up something.

27
Q

If you want mobility of the wrist, is extension of the wrist or flexion of the wrist more important?

A

Extension is more important bc it is necessary for finger function.

28
Q

What is wrist flexion mainly important for functionally?

A

Toiletting

29
Q

T or F: Wrist flexion is good for finger flexion.

A

False; Wrist flexion is good for finger extension.

30
Q

T or F: Wrist extension is good for finger flexion.

A

True

31
Q

How many carpal bones are there?

A

8

32
Q

For function, is supination or pronation more important to work on?

A

Supination

33
Q

T or F: The ulna and the radius are equal in length.

A

False, the ulna is lower than the radius. If the ulna and radius were at the same length, there would be impactation.

34
Q

T or F: You get stability from the ligaments.

A

True

35
Q

T or F: Ligaments make the joint tight but allow for stretch.

A

True

36
Q

What is the normal range for wrist flexion?

A

70-90 degrees

37
Q

T or F: You never look at a client’s ROM on their unaffected side.

A

False; you do check their unaffected side in order to find out what their normal range is

38
Q

T or F: Ligaments heal quickly.

A

False; they take a long time to heal

39
Q

T or F: Bones are a pain to heal.

A

False; Bones are easier to heal than ligaments.

40
Q

T or F: Most of the time, there are bone fractures.

A

False; most of the time it’s ligament fractures

41
Q

What is another name for the scaphoid?

A

Navicular

42
Q

What is the most frequently broken wrist bone in men between 18-25 bc of high impact sports?

A

Scaphoid

43
Q

What is the significance of breaking the scaphoid bone?

A

The significance of breaking that bone is that it has a neck and one side of the bone is well vascularized and the other side is not. If there is a break, then the distal pole has decreased vascular.

44
Q

T or F: The scaphoid takes much longer to heal.

A

True

45
Q

T or F: You should not cast for a long time for a scaphoid injury.

A

False; you should cast for a long time.

46
Q

How can you find the scaphoid?

A

It is at the base of the snuffbox.

47
Q

T or F: The thumb has a PIP.

A

False; Thumb only has the IP, other fingers have the PIP and DIP

48
Q

Where on the hand would you notice swelling?

A

It goes to the back of the hand bc there is a lot more space between the skin

49
Q

Why is the skin on your palm tight and attached to everything underneath?

A

In order to help facilitate your grip so it is very important for function.

50
Q

T or F: We have ligaments that connect the bones to each other in the fingers.

A

True

51
Q

What are the important ligaments in between the fingers?

A

The lateral ones. The collateral ligaments are important for stability; if they get tight, they don’t allow for flexion or extension.

52
Q

T or F: When the fingers are straight, the collateral ligaments by the MPs are overlapping.

A

True

53
Q

T or F: When the fingers are flexed, the collateral ligaments by the MPs go all the way down.

A

True

54
Q

When the PIP are straight, the collateral ligaments are:
A. shortened
B. lengthened

A

Lengthened

55
Q

When the PIP are flexed, the collateral ligaments are:
A. shortened
B. lengthened

A

Shortened

56
Q

T or F: The resting hand splint puts the hand in the position of safety.

A

False; Resting hand split doesn’t do the position of safety.

57
Q

When are resting hand splints used? Give one example of a clinical condition that you would use a resting hand splint for.

A

Resting hand split can be used if you are concerned about the recovery the client is going to get (ex. Stroke, arthritis)

58
Q

When is the position of safety or anti-deformity used? Give one example of a clinical condition that you would use position of safety for.

A

Position of safety or anti-deformity is used for an injury that you know will 100% recover (ex. Burns, guillane barre)

59
Q

Explain the insertion and action of the EDC.

A

EDC inserts on the proximal phalanx on each of the fingers, doesn’t do much to extend the fingers. It is the prime extensor of the MPs.

60
Q

Explain what intrinsic plus looks like.

A

The lumbricals are an intrinsic muscle the flex the MPs and extend the IPs.

61
Q

Explain the function of the interossei.

A

They abduct and adduct the fingers.

62
Q

Explain what extrinsic plus looks like.

A

MP extension and IP flexion

Orthotics, Prosthetics and Modalities (2 decks)

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