Intro to Splinting Flashcards
What is the main goal of the shoulder joint?
The main goal of the shoulder joint is to provide mobility to position the hand in space.
T or F: For the shoulder, you need more mobility for function than stability.
True
Should you sacrifice stability to be able to position that hand in space for mobility?
Yes
Why is shoulder mobility more important to work on than shoulder stability?
If you can’t position your arm in space, then there is limited function.
T or F: The rotator cuff muscles are on top of the deltoid.
False; they are beneath the deltoid.
What muscles does the strength of the shoulder come from?
The rotator cuff muscles
What are the most important muscles for mobility of the shoulder?
The rotator cuff muscles
What is another name for frozen shoulder?
Idiopathic
Does frozen shoulder unfreeze itself?
Yes
Are there a lot of orthotics for the shoulder?
No
How many joints are in the elbow?
3
What are the joints of the elbow?
Radial-humerus
Ulnar Humerus
Proximal radial-ulnar
What is the unforgiving joint?
The elbow joint
Why is the elbow known as the unforgiving joint?
The elbow gets stiff very quickly and it’s hard for it to become unstiff.
True or False: Ligaments connect muscle to bone.
False; they connect bone to bone
Functionally, is elbow extension or elbow flexion more important?
Elbow flexion is more important functionally
What is stiff when you are told your joints are stiff?
Ligaments
What does stiffness mean?
Limited passive ROM
T or F: The tendon needs to glide to pull through the tissues to move.
True
What is a contracture?
Bond with the ligaments are stuck together; the ligaments have tightened up which does not allow for the joint to move.
T or F: Ligaments have elasticity.
False; ligaments do not have elasticity.
T or F: Ligaments do not lengthen or shorten.
False; ligaments lengthen and shorten.
T or F: If the fibers in a ligament stay in shortened positions, they glue together.
True
What happens if you break the tissues of a muscle?
You are tearing the tissues and they will respond with pain and inflammation.
Is stability or mobility more important for the wrist?
Stability is more important.
Why is stability more important for the wrist?
You need stability to be able to pick up something.
If you want mobility of the wrist, is extension of the wrist or flexion of the wrist more important?
Extension is more important bc it is necessary for finger function.
What is wrist flexion mainly important for functionally?
Toiletting
T or F: Wrist flexion is good for finger flexion.
False; Wrist flexion is good for finger extension.
T or F: Wrist extension is good for finger flexion.
True
How many carpal bones are there?
8
For function, is supination or pronation more important to work on?
Supination
T or F: The ulna and the radius are equal in length.
False, the ulna is lower than the radius. If the ulna and radius were at the same length, there would be impactation.
T or F: You get stability from the ligaments.
True
T or F: Ligaments make the joint tight but allow for stretch.
True
What is the normal range for wrist flexion?
70-90 degrees
T or F: You never look at a client’s ROM on their unaffected side.
False; you do check their unaffected side in order to find out what their normal range is
T or F: Ligaments heal quickly.
False; they take a long time to heal
T or F: Bones are a pain to heal.
False; Bones are easier to heal than ligaments.
T or F: Most of the time, there are bone fractures.
False; most of the time it’s ligament fractures
What is another name for the scaphoid?
Navicular
What is the most frequently broken wrist bone in men between 18-25 bc of high impact sports?
Scaphoid
What is the significance of breaking the scaphoid bone?
The significance of breaking that bone is that it has a neck and one side of the bone is well vascularized and the other side is not. If there is a break, then the distal pole has decreased vascular.
T or F: The scaphoid takes much longer to heal.
True
T or F: You should not cast for a long time for a scaphoid injury.
False; you should cast for a long time.
How can you find the scaphoid?
It is at the base of the snuffbox.
T or F: The thumb has a PIP.
False; Thumb only has the IP, other fingers have the PIP and DIP
Where on the hand would you notice swelling?
It goes to the back of the hand bc there is a lot more space between the skin
Why is the skin on your palm tight and attached to everything underneath?
In order to help facilitate your grip so it is very important for function.
T or F: We have ligaments that connect the bones to each other in the fingers.
True
What are the important ligaments in between the fingers?
The lateral ones. The collateral ligaments are important for stability; if they get tight, they don’t allow for flexion or extension.
T or F: When the fingers are straight, the collateral ligaments by the MPs are overlapping.
True
T or F: When the fingers are flexed, the collateral ligaments by the MPs go all the way down.
True
When the PIP are straight, the collateral ligaments are:
A. shortened
B. lengthened
Lengthened
When the PIP are flexed, the collateral ligaments are:
A. shortened
B. lengthened
Shortened
T or F: The resting hand splint puts the hand in the position of safety.
False; Resting hand split doesn’t do the position of safety.
When are resting hand splints used? Give one example of a clinical condition that you would use a resting hand splint for.
Resting hand split can be used if you are concerned about the recovery the client is going to get (ex. Stroke, arthritis)
When is the position of safety or anti-deformity used? Give one example of a clinical condition that you would use position of safety for.
Position of safety or anti-deformity is used for an injury that you know will 100% recover (ex. Burns, guillane barre)
Explain the insertion and action of the EDC.
EDC inserts on the proximal phalanx on each of the fingers, doesn’t do much to extend the fingers. It is the prime extensor of the MPs.
Explain what intrinsic plus looks like.
The lumbricals are an intrinsic muscle the flex the MPs and extend the IPs.
Explain the function of the interossei.
They abduct and adduct the fingers.
Explain what extrinsic plus looks like.
MP extension and IP flexion
