Intro to Spine Flashcards
what are the advantages to the curves of the spine?
resists compressive loads
10 fold increase resistance
what is the function of the vertebral body?
weight bearing
resists compressive loads
what does the neural arch contain? (in general)
posterior elements and pedicles
what protects the spinal chord?
laminae
how many articular processes are there per vertebra?
4
which structures increase the lever arm?
transverse and spinous processes
what is the function of the pedicles?
transmits bending forces
increases in size from C spine to L spine
which cartilage is closest to the vertebral body?
hyaline
the nucleus pulposus is made up of what mostly?
70-90% water,
which collagen type is nucleus pulposus?
type II collagen
nucleus puplosus resists _____ but deforms and the walls stretch.
compression
annulus resists which type of force?
tensile force
what allows for greater movement in C spine than L spine?
greater ratio of IV disk/vertebral body
disk thickness of C spine
3 mm
disk thickness of L spine
9 mm
the IV disk receives nutrition via…
fusion
which part of the IV disk is innervated?
annulus fibrosis
which articulation contains meniscus?
zygapophyseal articulation
what do the cervical facet joints limit?
limits rotation and side bending
what do the lumbar facet joints limit?
limits rotation and lateral flexion
which facet joints are the strongest?
thoracic
what is the coupled motion for flexion?
anterior glide and tilt
what is the coupled motion for lateral flexion?
lateral translation, tilt, rotation
which part of IV disc limits rotation?
annulus
how much compression do the facet joints get?
0-33%
when is the fluid within the nucleus pulposus released?
during compression
function of the IV disc.
increases motion
transmits load
what does the IV disc contain?
nucleus, annulus, vertebral end plate
what type of cartilage is closest to the vertebral body?
hyaline
when you sit flexed for long periods of time, which direction does the IV disc protrude?
posteriorly
annulus attaches to end plates via ________
sharpey fibers
how can you herniate your disk?
flex forward and rotate
during lateral flexion, the annulus is compressed on which side?
concave
how is fluid absorbed in the nucleus? (compression or distraction)
distraction
