Intro to Sociology Flashcards
Define sociology?
The systematic and scientific study of human life
What is socialisation?
The process of learning to behave in a way that is acceptable to society.
Why is socialisation important during early childhood?
Impacts of being shun from socialisation? (4)
1) Socialisation is important for children to learn and become familiar with human characteristics and social norms.
2) - lack of language skills
- child-like behaviour in adults
- feral behaviour
- shy away from people
What is meant by social stratification?
What is social differentiation?
1) The hierarchy of social groups ranked in terms of wealth, power, and status.
2) process of distinguishing or creating differences between individuals.
PRIMARY DATA:
1) examples? (2)
2) advantages? (2)
3) disadvantages? (2)
PRIMARY DATA:
1) Q+A / OBSERVATIONS
2)
- raw / firsthand
- reliable
3)
- biased for experimenter
- takes a lot of time
SECONDARY DATA:
1) examples? (2)
2) advantages? (2)
3) disadvantages? (2)
SECONDARY DATA:
1) statistics / documents
2)
- Data is ready
- Easily accessible
3)
- may be outdated
- may be unreliable
What do positivists believe?
What are positivists aims?
What data do they collect?
1) Believe research should be objective and scientific. Believe society is measurable.
2) Aim to discover the underlying causes of behaviour. WHAT?
3) Quantitative data.
What do interpretivists believe?
What are interpretivists aims?
What data do they collect?
1) Believe people’s behaviour is too complicated + we need to understand their POV.
2) Aim is to uncover actor’s meanings + motives. WHY?
3) Qualatitative data.
What are the practical issues in society?
1) time + money
2) Funding bodies
3) Skills + characteristics
4) subject matter (feelings/opinions/facts)
5) research opportunities
What are the ethical issues in sociology?
1) covert research (identity hidden from participants)
2) vulnerable groups
3) harm to participants
4) confidentiality + privacy
5) informed consent
What are the theoretical issues in sociology?
1) validity
2) representative
3) metholodical perspective
4) reliability
What is triangulation?
How is triangulation used to study underachievement in groups in education?
1) using a combination of methods to get data.
2)
- observations in lesson
- statistics between underachievers + overachievers
- close ended questions (show patterns)
Define structuralist?
Define consensus?
1) individual is a product of society
2) society is based on agreements of norms + values
