Intro to Psychology

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

study of mind and behavior in humans and non-humans

Question 2

W.E.R.I.D. Samples

Answer 2

Most psychological studies are done on so-called WEIRD samples in countries that are Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic (WEIRD

Question 3

Psychological science is critical

Answer 3

Curiosity and wonder are
combined with healthy skepticism.

Question 4

Psychological science is summative

Answer 4

Multiple sources of evidence are
considered, and conclusions are
not absolute.Understanding of phenomena
grows over time, as new
information is presented
Summative

Question 5

Confirmation Bias

Answer 5

The tendency to seek out, pay attention to, and believe only evidence
that supports what we are already confident we know.

Question 6

Evidence

Answer 6

Facts or information indicating whether a
belief or proposition is true or valid.

Question 7

Empirical

Answer 7

Based on trained observation and
accurate measurement.

Question 8

Pseudoscience

Answer 8

A collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly thought to be based on valid
science.

Question 9

Pop Psychology

Answer 9

Refers to the concepts and theories about human mental life and behavior that are supposedly based on psychology and are considered credible and accepted by the wider populace.

Question 10

Critical Thinking

Answer 10

Purposeful, reasoned, and goal-directed process
of exploring a situation or problem.
Three Questions:
What scientific evidence supports this claim?
Has this topic been studied empirically?
Am I listening to (or reading) someone else’s opinion, or is this information based on facts that are accepted by
unbiased experts?

Question 11

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 11

How humans’ evolutionary past shapes certain cultural universals that all human beings share.

Question 12

Monogenic

Answer 12

A single gene that gives rise to a trait.

Question 13

Polygenic

Answer 13

A handful of genes jointly gives rise to a trait.

Question 14

Omnigenic

Answer 14

A few core genes are essential but all of the genes are involved.

Question 15

Cultural Perspective

Answer 15

Seeks to understand how cultural context affects people’s thoughts and preferences.

Question 16

Cognitive Perspective

Answer 16

Studies the mental processes that underlie perception, thought, learning, memory, language, and creativity.

Question 17

Emotional Perspective

Answer 17

Seeks to identify how our capacity to feel, express, and perceive emotions influences decision making, behavior, and social relationships.

Question 18

Unconscious

Answer 18

Part of our mental life that influences our thoughts, feelings, and actions that we cannot directly observe and of which we are unaware

Question 19

Biological/Neurological Perspective

Answer 19

Seeks to understand the biological underpinnings of how humans think, act, and behave.
Everything psychological is simultaneously. Studies how people change physically, cognitively, socially, and emotionally as they age.

Question 20

Personality Perspective

Answer 20

Seeks to understand aspects of behavior that are stable or changing over time.

Question 21

Social/Psychological Perspective

Answer 21

Considers how immediate context influences thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Question 22

Clinical Perspective

Answer 22

Focuses on the causes and treatment of psychological disorders. Goal is to improve human well-being, daily functioning, and social relationships

Question 23

Bystander Effect

Answer 23

Individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim in presence of other people.