Intro to psych stats

Question 1

Are a set of tools that help us to summarize, organize, and collect data

Answer 1

Statistics

Question 2

They are a set of systematic measurements

Answer 2

Data

Question 3

A characteristic or condition of an object or human
that has different values for different individuals

Answer 3

Variable

Question 4

is the group of all people or
objects that we are interested in

Answer 4

Population

Question 5

A value that describes
a population

Answer 5

Population parameter

Question 6

the sample is selected so that each member of the
population has an equal chance of being selected

Answer 6

Random sample

Question 6

Subset of a population

Answer 6

Sample

Question 7

A value that describes a sample

Answer 7

Sample statistics

Question 8

allow us to summarize, organize and simplify data

Answer 8

Descriptive statistics

Question 9

tell us about the
average value

Answer 9

Measures of central tendency

Question 10

tell us how similar the
data are to the average value

Answer 10

Measures of dispersion

Question 11

allow us to study samples
and then make generalizations about the population from which they were selected

Answer 11

Inferential statistics

Question 12

are imperfect representations of parameters

Answer 12

Sample

Question 13

the discrepancy between a
sample statistic and a population parameter

Answer 13

Sampling error

Question 14

involves
measuring two (or more) variables to
determine whether there is a relationship
between them

Answer 14

Correlational method

Question 15

are a special type of research
in which all the variables except the independent and dependent variables are
held constant

Answer 15

Experimental

Question 16

the variable that the
researcher systematically manipulates

Answer 16

Independent variable

Question 17

the variable that the
researcher measures or records

Answer 17

Dependent variable

Question 18

the group that does not
receive the treatment

Answer 18

Control condition

Question 19

the group that receives
the treatment

Answer 19

Treatment condition

Question 20

Why does the performance in the treatment condition is
compared to performance in the control condition?

Answer 20

to see if the treatment had an
effect

Question 21

What is the main advantage of performing experiments?

Answer 21

they allow us, using
statistics, to infer if the independent
variables causes the change in the dependent variable

Question 22

is similar to a real
experiment except that the participants have
been assigned to the various groups based
on some characteristic of the participant

Answer 22

Quasi-experimental

Question 23

consists of separate,
indivisible categories. No values can exist
between two neighboring categories

Answer 23

Discrete variable

Question 23

can be either discrete (or
discontinuous) or continuous

Answer 23

Variable

Question 23

This variable can have any value

Answer 23

Continuous variable

Question 23

are the boundaries of intervals for scores that are represented on a continuous number
line

Answer 23

Real limits

Question 23

What is the first step in any stats analysis?

Answer 23

determine the level of measurement; it tells
us what statistical tests can and cannot be
performed

Question 23

These characteristics are referred to as __ of the variable

Answer 23

Level of measurement

Question 24

deal with qualitative (and
not quantitative) differences

Answer 24

Nominal variables

Question 24

consists of a set of
categories that have different names in no
particular order

Answer 24

Nominal scale

Question 25

consists of a set of categories
organized in an ordered sequence. Spacing
between categories is not equal

Answer 25

Ordinal scale

Question 26

consists of ordered categories
that are all intervals of exactly the same
size. The 0 point is arbitrary

Answer 26

INterval scale

Question 27

is an interval scale with an
absolute zero

Answer 27

Ratio scale

Question 28

What does it mean when a variable is subscripted?

Answer 28

It implies that you should deal with
a particular observation