Intro to psych stats Flashcards
(35 cards)
Are a set of tools that help us to summarize, organize, and collect data
Statistics
They are a set of systematic measurements
Data
A characteristic or condition of an object or human
that has different values for different individuals
Variable
is the group of all people or
objects that we are interested in
Population
A value that describes
a population
Population parameter
the sample is selected so that each member of the
population has an equal chance of being selected
Random sample
Subset of a population
Sample
A value that describes a sample
Sample statistics
allow us to summarize, organize and simplify data
Descriptive statistics
tell us about the
average value
Measures of central tendency
tell us how similar the
data are to the average value
Measures of dispersion
allow us to study samples
and then make generalizations about the population from which they were selected
Inferential statistics
are imperfect representations of parameters
Sample
the discrepancy between a
sample statistic and a population parameter
Sampling error
involves
measuring two (or more) variables to
determine whether there is a relationship
between them
Correlational method
are a special type of research
in which all the variables except the independent and dependent variables are
held constant
Experimental
the variable that the
researcher systematically manipulates
Independent variable
the variable that the
researcher measures or records
Dependent variable
the group that does not
receive the treatment
Control condition
the group that receives
the treatment
Treatment condition
Why does the performance in the treatment condition is
compared to performance in the control condition?
to see if the treatment had an
effect
What is the main advantage of performing experiments?
they allow us, using
statistics, to infer if the independent
variables causes the change in the dependent variable
is similar to a real
experiment except that the participants have
been assigned to the various groups based
on some characteristic of the participant
Quasi-experimental
consists of separate,
indivisible categories. No values can exist
between two neighboring categories
Discrete variable