Intro to Programming Logic

Question 1

What is a Sequence?

Answer 1

Statements executed one after another.

Question 2

What is a Selection?

Answer 2

Statement used to make a decision.

Question 3

What is a loop?

Answer 3

Statement used to repeatedly execute a section of code.

Question 4

What are 3 basic software structures?

Answer 4

Sequence, Selection, and Loop

Question 5

What does a declaration do?

Answer 5

Reserves an area of memory to hold computer data for a Variable. It also assigns this Variable a “Type” - ie String vs. Number

Question 6

What does an Assignment Statement do?

Answer 6

Stores a value in a variable, Value may be the result of a calculation.

Question 7

What does an Input Statement do?

Answer 7

Gets a value from the user and stores it as a variable.

Question 8

What does an Output Statement do?

Answer 8

Displays information to the user (Including values of variables.)

Question 9

What should be included in a comment?

Answer 9

~What does the program (or section of the program) do?
~Who wrote the program?
~When was it written?
~Who owns the program?
~Explains a complicated section of code

Question 10

What are attributes of Strongly Typed Languages? Examples?

Answer 10

~Must indicate variable type in declaration
~Variable only stores the type of date declared
~Can NOT store different type data in the variable (programming error)

Strongly-typed programming languages: Flowgorithm, C, C++, C#, Java

Question 11

What are attributes of Weakly Typed Languages? Examples?

Answer 11

Must declare variable, but type not required.
Variables can store different types of data.

Weakly-typed programming languages: Python, JavaScript, PHP

Question 12

What is Pseudo-
code?

Answer 12

Informal English-Like code that implements an algorithm.

Question 13

What is an algorithm?

Answer 13

A set of steps designed to solve a particular problem.

Question 14

What is the software developments lifecycle?

Answer 14

Requirements Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment/Maintenance

Question 15

What is Requirement Analysis?

Answer 15

It’s the first step in the Software Development Lifecycle that determines what the software should do to meet the needs of the customer

Question 16

What is Design in the SDLC?

Answer 16

This is the second step meant to define and document a plan for the implementation of Software.

Question 17

What is Implementation in the SDLC?

Answer 17

This is the third step meant to code the software using a programming language.

Question 18

What is Testing in the SDLC?

Answer 18

This is the fourth step meant to verify the software is free from defects and conforms to the requirements.

Question 19

What is Deployment/Maintenance in the SDLC?

Answer 19

This is the fifth step meant to release the software and provide ongoing support.

Question 20

Describe a Boolean Expression.

Answer 20

Boolean Expressions result as True or False. They can calculate with literals (True or False) and Variables used in a comparison.

Question 21

What does a “While” loop do?

Answer 21

Tests a Boolean condition and repeats a section of code as long as the condition remains true.

Question 22

What is an indefinite “While” loop and how do you end them?

Answer 22

A loop that will execute an unknown amount of times. Code in a Sentinel Value and advise the user how to use it.

Question 23

What is a Sentinel Value?

Answer 23

A coded value that can end an indefinite “While” loop.

Question 24

What is an infinite “While” loop?

Answer 24

A loop that goes on forever usually due to a bug.

Question 25

What is a “Do While” loop?

Answer 25

A loop that checks the control variable after executing, ensuring it always runs at least once.

Question 26

What is a “For” loop?

Answer 26

A more compact way to create definite/indefinite counters.

Question 27

What are the stages of the “Instruction Cycle” for a processor?

Answer 27

Fetch, Decode, Execute, Repeat

Question 28

What is a bit?

Answer 28

A single Binary Digit of information (0 or 1)

Question 29

What is a Byte?

Answer 29

Eight bits; can represent a number 0-255 or 1 letter.