intro to programming Flashcards
A program that performs a task for a user (such as calculating and producing paychecks, word processing, or playing a game) is ________.
application software
A program that manages the computer itself (such as Windows or Linux) is
system software.
The ____ determines the exact order of instructions needed to produce desired results.
logic
are languages that correspond closely to the computer’s circuitry and are not as easily read or understood.
LOW LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
Example of Low Level Programming Language
Assembly Language
Machine Language
are languages that allows you to use English-like, easy-to-remember terms such as read, write, and add
HIGH LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
There are 2 important paradigms in programming:
Procedural Programming
Object-Oriented Programming
step-by-step process of instructions to tell the computer
Procedural Programming
also referred to as imperative programming
Procedural Programming
It is an approach on how to solve a problem.
It focuses on the OBJECT that the developers want to manipulate than the logic to manipulate it.
Object Oriented Programming
the basic unit of the OOP.
Object
something material that may be perceived by the senses (Merriam Webster)
Object
In technical terms, it component of a program that knows how to perform certain actions and how to interact with other elements of the program.
Object
it tells the virtual machine on “how” to make an object of that particular type.
Class
blueprint of an object
Class
things that an object “knows” about itself.
other way of saying Object.
Instance Variable
things that an object “do”
Methods
The 4 Pillars of Object Oriented Programming
Encapsulation
Abstraction
Inheritance
Polymorphism
bundling up data and member function (Method) together into a single unit
it can only be achieve if there is PRIVATE variable in a class and the other classes has no access to the variable and can be access through class method.
it is mostly use for security purposes.
sometimes called “information hiding”
Encapsulation
is the process of showing only essential features of an object to the outside world and hide the other irrelevant information
it works together with Encapsulation
Abstraction
ability to create classes (subclass) that shares the attributes and methods of the existing classes (parent class), but with more specific functions.
Inheritance
Types of Class Inheritance in Java
Single Inheritance - parent and child
Multi-level inheritance - grandparent-parent-child
Heirarchical Inheritance
having many forms.
a single line of code (method) can have multiple meanings, and which meaning is to be used depends upon various factors.
Polymorphism
Types of Polymorphism in Java
Method Overriding - having two methods with the same method name and parameters.
Method Overloading - when two or more methods in one class have the same method name but different parameters.
