Intro to physiology

Question 1

system

Answer 1

something that is bound

Question 2

homeostasis

Answer 2

maintaining an internal environment. to maintain you must input energy.

Question 3

ECF

Answer 3

interstitual fluid and plasma

Question 4

interstitual fluid

Answer 4

tissue fluid. everything but the plasma that’s not inside cells

Question 5

plasma

Answer 5

fluid contained within blood vessels

Question 6

homeostatic negative feedback systems entail three components

Answer 6

sensor, control center, effector

Question 7

integrative physiology

Answer 7

homeostatic regulation of body temp. sensor: thermoreceptors in hypo. control center: hypo. effectors: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, sweat glands

Question 8

mechanisms of energy transfer

Answer 8

molecular level collisions, heat, work

Question 9

system trends to state of equilibrium

Answer 9

where energy is at it’s lowest and entropy is high

Question 10

colligative properties

Answer 10

dependent on the amt of solute particles–boiling point, melting point, osmotic pressure (Osm)

Question 11

Osmolarity

Answer 11

Osm=molarityxdissociation facotr

Question 12

Osmosis

Answer 12

net movement of water molecules across a membrane. always toward an area of HIGH solute concentration

Question 13

osmotic pressure

Answer 13

what helps to drive water towards higher solute concentration

Question 14

water is always moving from

Answer 14

low–>high solute concentration or Osm

Question 15

ECF osmolarity maintained by homeostasis

Answer 15

sensor: osmoreceptors. control center: hypothalamus. effectors: kidneys and hypothalamus. Trigger ADH release from Hypo–>retain water

Question 16

why maintain osmolarity of plasma

Answer 16

to ensure cells stay the same size for optimal operating

Question 17

potential energy

Answer 17

positional energy between two interacting objects within a system

Question 18

PE

Answer 18

form of energy in itself. it is a property of a system–meaning that one molecule cannot have PE. Dealing with two different objects in a system that are interacting with each other

Question 19

cell junctions contribute to

Answer 19

the structure and function of tissues

Question 20

cutaneous membranes

Answer 20

cover body surfaces

Question 21

serous membranes

Answer 21

cover organs and line body cavities

Question 22

mucous membranes

Answer 22

line the lumen of hollow organs that are open to the external environment

Question 23

simple epithelial membranes are specialized

Answer 23

for selective transport of materials. apical/basolateral movement limited by tight junctions

Question 24

sodium glucose transporter

Answer 24

lumenal membrane, secondary active transport. Na+ driven glucose symporter

Question 25

Na+/K+

Answer 25

primary active transport. moves K+ into cell and Na+ out to ECF

Question 26

Glucose Transporter 2

Answer 26

GLUT 2. Facilitated diffusion. Carrier protein mediated transportation of glucose into ECF from intestinal lumen

Question 27

connective tissue characterized by

Answer 27

large amounts of extracellular material

Question 28

types of connective tissue

Answer 28

loose, dense, supportive, fluid

Question 29

loose connective tissue

Answer 29

dermis

Question 30

dense connective tissue

Answer 30

tendons and ligaments

Question 31

supportive connective tissue

Answer 31

cartilage and bone

Question 32

fluid connective tissue

Answer 32

blood and lymph

Question 33

extracellular components of connective tissue

Answer 33

fibrous proteins and ground substance

Question 34

fibrous proteins

Answer 34

extracellular components of connective tissue. fibrous proteins include collagen, elastin, fibronectin

Question 35

ground substance

Answer 35

extracellular component of connective tissue. ground substance like glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). forms a cushion–holds water and forms like a gel substance

Question 36

skin is an organ that

Answer 36

contains all four types of tissue. skin is a component of the integumentary system

Question 37

integumentary system

Answer 37

protects you from the outside environment. skin is apart of the integumentary system because it prevents too much loss of moisture from the surface of your body