Intro to pain and anxiety Flashcards
What is sedation
Depresses the CNS with minimum physiological and psych stress
Consciousness is maintained and airway protected
Ideal properties of sedation
Rapid onset
Rapid metabolism/excretion
Predictable action/duration
Low incidence of s/e
IV sedation is good for
- pts with epilepsy
- movement disorders
- stress related disorders
- has a reversal
What is dental anxiety
conditioned response - anticipation or worry about a potential future threat
difficult to relate to tangible sources of stimulation
Dental phobia
specific phobia that represents unreasonable and irritational fear related to a specific object or stimulation
What is sedation
A continuum which extends from normal consciousness to complete unresponsiveness
Limitations of pulse oximetry
- movement
- ambient light
- nail varnish
- measurement lag
- cold perpheries
What is capnography
detects co2 exhaled in breath
via nasal prongs
waveform on monitor
pt has to be nose breathing!
Increased ventilation is termed
Tachypnea
Decreased ventilation
Bradypnea
Equation for delivery of oxygen to tissues
Ca02 = 1.34x Hb x Sp02
Conc of arterial blood = 1.34 x haem conc x saturation of haem molecule
Delivery = CaCO2 x CO
Equation for cardiac output
Stroke vol x heart rate
BP is determined by 2 main components
cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance (svr)
Mean blood pressure is worked out by
diastolic + 1/3 (systolic - diastolic)
Stroke vol decreases by
- dehydration
- ischeamic heart
- heart failure
- anaesthetic drugs
