Intro to pain

Question 1

IASP pain definition

Answer 1

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage

Question 2

Define nociception

Answer 2

The neural encoding of noxious stimuli

Question 3

Define peripheral sensitization

Answer 3

After a noxious stimuli, or other factors like inflammation, peripheral nociceptors decrease their threshold for firing.

Question 4

Central sensitization

Answer 4

2nd order nociceptor neurons become sensitive (decreased threshold for depolarization). Normal during injury but should go away after injury has healed.

Question 5

Define nociceptive pain

Answer 5

Pain that arises from peripheral nociceptors firing due to actual or perceived tissue damage from noxious stimuli of mechanical, chemical, or thermal nature

Question 6

Define neuropathic pain

Answer 6

Pain due to a leision or disease in either the peripheral or central somatosensory nervous system

Question 7

Define nociplastic pain

Answer 7

Pain that arises from altered nocicpetion without any actual or perceived underlying tissue damage or evidence for disease or leision to the somatosensory nervous system.

Question 8

2 screening tests for fear of movement

Answer 8

Fear Associated Behaviour questionnaire (FABQ) and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK)

Question 9

Briefly explain the 3 measures of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)

Answer 9

Rumination - frequently thinking about pain
Magnification - Thinking of pain as worse than it is
Helplessness - feeling of inability to take any action

Question 10

2 screening tools for emotional affective distress

Answer 10

General Anxiety Disorder - 7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 (PHQ-9)