Intro to Orthodontics Flashcards
What is orthodontics?
Specialty of dentistry concerned with:
- growth and development of the teeth, face and jaws
- Diagnosis, prevention and correction of dental and facial irregularities
The position of teeth depends to a large extend on what?
The size, shape and relative position of the underlying bone (maxilla and mandible)
How many classes of skeletal relationships are there?
3
What are the 3 classes of skeletal relationship?
Class 1 = normal antero-posterior relationship. The mandibular base is 2-3mm behind the maxillary base
Class 2 = more than 2-3mm behind maxillary base
Class 3 = less than 2-3mm behind maxillary base
How should someone be positioned to assess their skeletal relationship? What is a good way to get the patient to be in this position?
Frankfort plane (top of earhole to orbital rim) should be horizontal to the ground. Get the patient to stare into their eyes in a mirror
What points on the face do you measure to get the skeletal relationship?
The basal bone of the maxilla and the innermost curvature of the lower lip
What are the treatment options for skeletal discrepancies in growing patients?
Growth modification techniques to promote or restrict growth of either jaw:
- functional appliances
- headgear
- reverse pull facemask and RME
What are the treatment option for adults with skeletal discrepancies who have completed growth?
Orthognathic surgery (single jaw or bimaxillary procedures) [Basically split the jaws and move them]
Who is all part of the orthognathic team?
- orthodontist
- maxillofacial surgeon
- clinical psychologist
- maxillofacial technician
- speech therapist
- GDP
Give a brief overview of cleft lip palate. (prevalence included)
-1 in 700 births
-multifactorial (dont really know why it happens)
Can have:
-cleft lip
-cleft palate
-cleft lip and palate - this can be unilateral or bilateral
What specialists are involved with cleft lip and palate patients?
- orthodontist
- cleft surgeon
- ENT (they have problems with deafness)
- Speech therapy
- Max-fac surgeon
- Plastic surgeon
- Dental practitioner
What can go wrong with the growth and development of teeth?
- increased overjet
- deep overbite
- anterior crossbite
- posterior crossbite
- retained deciduous teeth
- Early loss of deciduous teeth
- ectopic teeth
- crowding
- spacing
- trauma
- open bites
- cysts
- supernumeracies
- dental asymmetries
- macrodont teeth
LOOK AT LECTURE FOR PICS
plus others
What are the aims of orthodontic treatment?
To create a stable, functional and aesthetic occlusion
What are the benefits of orthodontic treatment?
- improves function
- improves appearance
- improves dental health (makes teeth easier to clean)
- reduces risk of trauma
- facilitates other dental treatment (rearrange spaces in hypodontia cases prior to bridges or implants)
What are the 3 main risks associated with ortho treatment?
- decalcification
- relapse
- root resorption
