Intro to organic chemistry

Question 1

Define stereoisomerism

Answer 1

Stereoisomers have the same structural formulae but have a different spatial arrangement of atoms

Question 2

Define structural isomerism

Answer 2

same molecular formula, but different structural formula

Question 3

state two features of homologous series

Answer 3

• similar chemical properties
• same functional group

Question 4

To have E/Z isomerism a molecule must have

Answer 4

• C=C double bond which restricts rotation
• Each C of the C=C double bond must be attached to two different groups

Question 5

define fraction

Answer 5

• mixture of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points

Question 6

outline essential features of the fractional distillation of crude oil that enables it to be separated

Answer 6

• compounds have different boiling points
• BP depend of compound length
• hotter on bottom of column
• heavier molecules collect at the bottom

Question 7

explain why oil companys need to crack heavy fractions

Answer 7

• smaller chain molecules higher in demand

Question 8

thermal cracking properties

Answer 8

High temp, High pressure

Question 9

state the type of cracking that produces high percentage of alkenes

Answer 9

• thermal

Question 10

catalytic cracking properties

Answer 10

high temp, slight pressure, zeolite catalyst

Question 11

state why incomplete combustion may occur

Answer 11

limited O2 supply

Question 12

why is the ozone layer beneficial for living organisms

Answer 12

absorbs harmful UV

Question 13

state why CFCs form Cl atoms in the upper atmosphere

Answer 13

C-Cl bonds broken