Intro To Organic Chem

Question 1

Say how you would name a organic compound

Answer 1

1.count the longest carbon chain this becomes the prefix , ie prop, but. Etc.

2. Find the main functional group using the order of priority:
   Carboxylic acid-ester-nitrile-aldehyde-ketone-alcohol-amine-alkene-halogenoalkane

3.this main functional group becomes the main one and is attached to the prefix

4. The other functional groups or side chains are written before the prefix and in alphabetical order.
5. If there more than one functional group add di, tri etc….
6. Always number for, th side that gives the MAIN FUNCITIONAL GROUP the smallestt number

Question 2

In free radical chain reactions, list the 3 stages and how they happen

Answer 2

1. Initiation: this happens when 2 free radicals are formed by uv light.
2. Propagation: this happens when the radicals formed in the initiation step react with normal molecules to produce a radical and a molecule, the radical formed goes on to react with another normal molecule forming a chain reaction.
   3.termination: This is when 2 radicals react with each other to form normal molecules ending the chain Reaction.

Question 3

Write out the initiation reaction and all the propagation reactions of the FRS if ethanol in excess chlorine

Answer 3

Initiation: cl2 makes cl. + cl.

Propagation: ch3ch3 + cl. = .ch2ch3 plus HCl
.ch2ch3 plus cl2 makes ch2clch3 plus cl.
Ch2clch3 plus cl. Makes .chclch3 plus hcl
.chclch3 plus cl2 makes chcl2ch3 plus cl. And so on until all hydrogens are replaced with cl

Question 4

Define electrophile

Answer 4

Electron pair acceptor

Question 5

Define nucleophile

Answer 5

Electron pair donor

Question 6

Define acid

Answer 6

Proton donor