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Organic Chem > Intro To Organic > Flashcards

Intro To Organic Flashcards

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1
Q

Define saturated

A

Contains a single carbon-carbon bond only

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2
Q

Define unsaturated

A

Contains a c=c double bond

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3
Q

Define molecular formula

A

Formula which shows actual number of each type of atom

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4
Q

Define empirical formula

A

Shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms to element in a compound

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5
Q

Define general formula

A

Algebraic formula for a homologous series

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6
Q

Define structural formula

A

Minimal detail that shows the arrangements of atoms

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7
Q

Define displayed formula

A

Shows all the covalent bonds present in a molecule

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8
Q

What does homologous series mean

A

Same functional group and same general formual

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9
Q

What do aldehydes end in when naming

A

Al

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10
Q

What do ketones end in when naming them

A

One

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11
Q

What so esters end in when naming them

A

-yl-oate eg methyleethanoate

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12
Q

How can you spot an aldehyde

A

Double bond o at the end

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13
Q

Name the 3 steps when naming a carbon chain

A

Find the longest carbon chain
Find any branched chains and count how many carbons they contain
Add the right prefix

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14
Q

Define structural isomer

A

Same molecular formula but different structures

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15
Q

Define chain isomer

A

Same molecular formula but different structures in the carbon skelton

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16
Q

Define positional isomer

A

Same molecular formula but different structures due to different positions if the same functional group

17
Q

Define functional group isomers

A

Same molecular formula but atoms arranged in different functional groups

18
Q

State two characteristics of a homologous series

A

Same functional group

Similar chemical properties

19
Q

State the definition of structual isomer

A

Same molecular formula but different structures

20
Q

octane and isoctane can be separated by what process and how does it work

A

fractional distillation- put into distillation column and highest boiling point condense first. hottest at the bottom. isooctane has a lower boiling point and condenses first

21
Q

Why is thermal cracking carried out in industry

A

To make products in high demand

22
Q

Why is high temps needed for cracking

A

To break the c-c bond

23
Q

What is a use of butane

A

Fuel

24
Q

What compound can remove sulfur dioxide

A

Calcium oxide

25
Q

What physical property of alkenes allows them to be separated and by what process

A

Fractional distillation- different boiling points

26
Q

Define structural isomerism

A

Same molecular formula

Different structural formula

Organic Chem (4 decks)

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