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BDS4 Oral Med > Intro to Oral Med > Flashcards

Intro to Oral Med Flashcards

1
Q

What is this condition?

A

amalgam tattoo

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2
Q

Describe what can be seen histologically in an amalgam tattoo?

A

black material being taken up by phagocytic cells within tissues

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3
Q

What is an amalgam tattoo?

A

Blue pigmentation of the gingivae due to amalgam used as a filling material getting into soft tissues + presenting as a pigment

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4
Q

What is this condition?

A

Geographic tongue

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5
Q

What is this swelling?

A

Fibroepithelial Polyp

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6
Q

What type of ulcer is this?

A

apthous ulcer

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7
Q

What is this condition?

A

Recurrent Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

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8
Q

How does recurrent HSV present orally?

A

Lesions occurring inside the mouth
Leads to viral vesicles then ulcers forming in the muosa

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9
Q

What has caused this oral ulceration?

A

Medication

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10
Q

What is this condition?

A

Lichen planus

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11
Q

What is lichen planus?

A

Immunological damage to the oral mucosa caused by lymphocytes in the connective tissue

The damage can cause thickening + thinning of the mucosal surface

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12
Q

What are the red patches?
What are the white patches?

A

Red patches = thinning
White patches = thickening

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13
Q

What is this condition?

A

Lichen Planus
(extreme case with areas of ulceration)

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14
Q

Why are conditions of the skin seen in dermatology also sometimes seen within the mouth?

A

Because the oral mucosa is derived from the same embryological tissue as the skin

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15
Q

name a condition that can appear as itchy areas of skin, hair loss + changes to the nails, that can also be seen affecting the oral mucosa?

A

Lichen planus

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16
Q

What is this condition?
What causes the redness?

A

Lichen planus affecting the gingivae
Redness due to thinning of the surface

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17
Q

What is causing the redness of the gingivae?

A

Redness due to thinning of the surface of the gingivae due to lichen planus

(not due to inflammation!!)

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18
Q

Patient has allergy to foodstuff. What is the condition?

A

Angio-Oedema

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19
Q

What reaction causes this Angio-Oedema?
How long does the reaction usually last?

A

Type 1 Hypersensitivity reaction
(usually due to foodstuffs)
Usually lasts around 1 hour

20
Q

What is causing this reaction?

A

Orofacial Granulomatosis

21
Q

What causes Orofacial Granulomatosis?

A

Blockage of the lymphatics due to unknown pathogen

22
Q

What happens to the fluids within tissues in Orofacial Granulomatosis?

How long can the condition last?

A

fluids unable to drain from tissues
Lymph nodes become swollen

Can last for weeks / months

23
Q

What condition is associated with Orofacial Granulomatosis?

A

Crohn’s disease

24
Q

What condition can patients with Orofacial Granulomatosis go on to develop?

A

Crohn’s disease

25
Q

Name 6 common dietary allergens

A
  1. Beznoate + Sorbate
  2. Cinnamon aldehyde
  3. Chocolate
  4. Citrus fruits
  5. Cheese
  6. Nickel
26
Q

After allergy testing, what should you advise patients?

A

If allergen reactive to certain foodstuffs, advice patients to avoid these to prevent / settle their oral condition

27
Q

What is this condition?

A

Erythema Multiforme

28
Q

What is this condition and what is it an example of

A

Condition = pemphigoid

Example of a vesiculobullous problem

29
Q

Describe a pemphiod

A

Blisters filled with fluid, will rupture to form ulcers in the mouth

Can be very painful

30
Q

Vesiculobullous problems result in….

A

formation of large blisters in mouth + on skin

31
Q

How are vesivulobullous problems (e.g. pemphigoid) treated?

A

systemic medication

32
Q

Name 3 medical problems you would liase with rheumatology colleagues for?

A
  1. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  2. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  3. Systemic Sclerosis
33
Q

How does Systemic Sclerosis affect the body?

A

Gradual loss of elastic tissue

34
Q

What issues result from Systemic Scelorosis and how might this be a problem within dentistry?

A

Problems swallowing due to loss of elasticity making oesophagus unable to stretch around food

Problems opening mouth (elastic tissue of face lost) - affects dental access - therefore tx planned in advance

35
Q

Why does oral candidiasis occur, what type of treatment / infections may it occur alongside?

A

Due to a reduced immune system

Can occur during bone marrow transplantation, chemotherapy, HIV

36
Q

What condition is this patient displaying?

A

systemic sclerosis

37
Q

What is this condition?

A

Oral Candidiasis

38
Q

Name this neurological condition

A

Acoustic Neuroma

39
Q

What is an Acoustic Neuroma?

A

Cancer which forms on the 8th Cranial Nerve (vestibulocochlear)

40
Q

What other nerves may experience changes due to an Acoustic Neuroma?

A

Due to positioning of nerves in the brainstem - the 8th nerve lesion may not present, but changes to the trigeminal or facial nerves may present

41
Q

what might you expect a patient with Acoustic Neuroma to present with and why?

A

numbness / weakness of face

due to changes to the trigeminal or facial nerves
(because positioning of nerves in the brainstem - 8th lesion affected by the tumour may not present)

42
Q

What factors influence how you would assess pain in a patient?

A

age + communication of patient

43
Q

Name a condition which causes inflammatory changes within arteries

A

Temporal Arteritis

44
Q

What is temporal arteritis

A

Inflammation within the artery leading to limitation of blood flow to facial tissues

45
Q

Name two conditions cause changes to the trigeminal autonomic nerves within the face

A

Trigeminal Neuralgia
Cluster Headaches

46
Q

What type of pain is associated with trigeminal neuralgia + cluster headaches

A

severe but short lasting

47
Q

Name 6 high risk sites for oral cancer

A
  1. Floor of mouth
  2. Lateral border of the tongue
  3. Retormolar regions
  4. Soft + hard palate
  5. Gingivae
  6. Buccal mucosa

BDS4 Oral Med (2 decks)

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