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Doctrine > Intro to New Testament > Flashcards

Intro to New Testament Flashcards

1
Q

Who ruled over the Israelites at the end of the OT and beginning of NT?

A

End of OT - Persian Empire (539 - 300 BC)
Beginning of NT - Roman Empire (63 BC - 70 AD)

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2
Q

When did Alexander the Great rule and what were his accomplishments?

A

Ruled from 332 - 323 BC
Introduced:
- Greek language
- Greek religion - pagan worship of Greek gods
- Greek culture - architecture/Greek games
- Philosophy
- Scientific Development

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3
Q

When did Ptolemy II rule and what were his accomplishments?

A

Ruled from 323 - 204 BC
- Commissioned 70 scribes to translate the OT Hebrew scriptures into Greek
- Septuagint (LXX)

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4
Q

When did Antiochus IV rule and what were his accomplishments?

A

Ruled from 204 - 167 BC
Forced Indoctrination of Jews to Greek religion by:
- Outlawing circumcision
- Observance of the Sabbath was forbidden
- Possession of scripture was illegal
- Outlawed the assembly of Jews to pray
- Dietary laws become illegal
- Pagan celebration were mandated

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5
Q

When did Judas Maccabees rule and what were his accomplishments?

A

Ruled from 167 - 63 BC
- Cleansed and rededicated the temple
- Jews returned to the LORD

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6
Q

When did Herod the Great rule and what were his accomplishments?

A

Ruled from 37 BC - 4 AD
- Recaptures Israel from its uprising in 37 BC (took 3 years)
- Given the title “King of the Jews”
- Expanded Zerubbabel’s temple (known as “Herod’s temple”)
- Masada: Great fortress by the Dead Sea

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7
Q

What are the factors that contribute to the right climate for the Messiah’s arrival in a physical sense?

A

Greek Culture - Common language of the people
- Septuagint: Translation of OT Hebrew scriptures into Greek

Roman Politics - Roads created mobility for people and ideas to travel rapidly

Hebrew Religion - They still believed in God, but rules and traditions stunted spiritual hunger and growth

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8
Q

What are the factors that contribute to the right climate for the Messiah’s arrival in a spiritual sense?

A
  • The Jews still believed in God, but rules and traditions stunted spiritual hunger and growth
  • The Greeks prized intellect and physical strength, but more pagan in religious practices
  • The Romans has strength in political prowess, but did not trust in God
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9
Q

What are the different genres of the NT? Give examples from each genre.

A
  1. History/Historical Narrative: Matthew - Acts
  2. Letters (Epistles): Romans - Jude
  3. Prophecy/Revelation: Revelation
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10
Q

What are the habits of an effective Bible reader?

A
  1. Begin with the basics
  2. Pick a spot
  3. Don’t feel guilty
  4. Find a plan that works for you
  5. Be creative, add variety!
  6. Give the distractions to God
  7. Learn to listen
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11
Q

What are some benefits of scripture memory?

A
  • Renews our mind and transforms our lives
  • It turns against temptation
  • Defense against despair
  • Allows to share with unbelievers better
  • Better understanding of God and His will
  • Brings God’s blessing to our lives
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12
Q

What are examples of word-for-word (formal) Bible translations and what they’re useful for?

A

For in depth study and personal development:
- Interlinear
- NASB
- AMD
- ESV
- KJV
- NKJV

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13
Q

What are examples of thought-for-thought (Dynamic) Bible translations and what they’re useful for?

A

For everyday reading and group study:
- HCSB
- NRSV
- NAB
- NIV
-NLT

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14
Q

What are examples of paraphrase Bible translations and what they’re useful for?

A

For devotional reading and gaining diverse insights:
- GNT
- MSG
- TLB

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15
Q

What are the ethnic groups represented in the NT?

A
  1. Jews
  2. Gentiles
  3. Samaritans
  4. Romans
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16
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Jews.

A
  • Descendants of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob
  • Described by God as: a holy nation and a kingdom of priests
17
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Gentiles.

A
  • People not from Israel
  • Anyone who was not Jewish
18
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Samaritans.

A
  • A mix of race and religion
  • Hated by Jews (considered half-breeds)
19
Q

Describe the characteristics of the Romans.

A
  • The ruling oppressors during the times of the NT
20
Q

What were the various groups of leaders in the Jewish social structure?

A
  1. Pharisees
  2. Sadducees
  3. Scribes
  4. Levites
  5. Chief (High) priests
  6. Sanhedrin
  7. Zealots
  8. Tax collectors
21
Q

Describe the role of the Pharisees.

A
  • “Separated Ones”
  • Rejected Greek and Roma cultural influences
  • Held to the authority of the entire OT and the oral law
  • Believed in miracles, angels, immorality, and resurrection
  • Influenced religious life of Jews w/ strict rues and regulations
22
Q

Describe the role of the Sadducees.

A
  • “Righteous Ones”
  • Influenced by Greek and Roman culture
  • Held only to Torah (books of the law)
  • Rejected miracles, angels, immorality, and resurrection
  • Wealthy, aristocratic, and connected to ruling authorities
  • Rulers in the temple
23
Q

Describe the role of the Scribes.

A
  • A profession that copies sacred writings and recorded historical events
  • Specialized in interpreting the Law of Moses
24
Q

Describe the role of the Levites.

A
  • Descendants of the tribe of Levi
  • Designated to oversee the ceremonies of the Temple
25
Q

Describe the role of the Chief (High) Priests.

A
  • Lead priest from the tribe of Levi
  • Could enter the Holy of Holies on Day on Atonement (Yom Kippur)
  • Likely Sadducees who carried a certain amount of political power
26
Q

Describe the role of the Sanhedrin.

A
  • Supreme court of the Jewish people
  • Consisted of Chief priest, elders, scribes, lawyers, or others learned in Jewish law
27
Q

Describe the role of the Zealots.

A
  • Believed like the Pharisees, but were also a political group.
  • A Jewish revolutionary group, violently opposed to Roman Rule
28
Q

Describe the role of the Tax Collectors

A
  • “Publicans”
  • Local Jewish men employed by Roman authorities to collect taxes for them
29
Q

Name the 3 characteristics of the NT and explain.

A
  1. Historical Accuracy - Eye witnesses or people close to eye witnesses; authors are closely linked to the events
  2. Textual Authenticity - NT is authenticated by manuscripts available in the original language
  3. Divine Authority - God organized His word exactly how he wants it to be
30
Q

Who was the audience for the gospel of Matthew and how was Jesus portrayed?

A

Audience - Jewish Christians
- Jesus is the “King of the Jews”

31
Q

Who was the audience for the gospel of Mark and how was Jesus portrayed?

A

Audience - Gentile Christians
- Jesus is the “Suffering Servant of God”

32
Q

Who was the audience for the gospel of Luke and how was Jesus portrayed?

A

Audience - Theophilus, Gentile Christians
- Jesus is the perfect “Son of Man”

33
Q

Who was the audience for the gospel of John and how was Jesus portrayed?

A

Audience - The World
- Jesus is the eternal “Son of God”

34
Q

Recite the Bible Verse of the week.

A

1 John 5:11-12
“And this is the testimony: that God has given us eternal life, and this life is in his Son. He who has the Son has life; he who does not have the Son of God does not have life.”

Doctrine (1 decks)

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