Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MD4001 > Intro to neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Intro to neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What does white matter in the nervous system contain?

A

Axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does grey matter in the nervous system contain?

A

Cell bodies of neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where is grey matter found in the nervous system?

A

On the outside surface of the brain and on the inside of the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are glial cells?

A

Support cells of the nervous system (not neurons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give examples of glial cells?

A
  • Astrocytes
  • Oligodendrocyte
  • Microglia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the ventricles of the CNS?

A
  • Lateral ventricle: Cerebral hemisphere
  • 3rd ventricle: Diencephalon
  • 4th ventricle: Brain stem
  • Central canal: Spinal cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where are the ganglia located?

A

Sympathetic - CNS

Parasympathetic - PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

Choriod plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What cells can produce CSF?

A

Ependymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the sections of the brain?

A
  • Cerebrum
  • Diencephalon
  • Brain stem
  • Cerebellum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the lobes of the cerebrum?

A
  • Frontal lobe
  • Parietal lobe
  • Occipital lobe
  • Temporal lobe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the infoldings of the cerebral hemispheres called?

A

Sulci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the ridges of the cerebrum called?

A

Gyri

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 12 cranial nerves?

A 
I - Olfactory 
II - Optic 
III - Oculomotor 
IV - Trochlear
V - Trigeminal 
VI - Abducens 
VII - Fascial
VIII - Vestibulocochlear 
IX - Glossopharyngeal 
X - Vagus 
XI - (Spinal) Accessory 
XII - Hypoglossal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

A

31

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can the diencephalon be divided?

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the brain stem contain?

A
  • Midbrain
  • Pons
  • Medulla
18
Q

What is the function of the thalamus?

A

Major relay station for:

  • Sensory impulses ascending to sensory cortex
  • Inputs from subcortical motor nuclei and cerebellum travelling to the cerebral motor cortex
19
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

Important autonomic control centre

  • Maintains water balance, regulates thirst, eating behaviour, GI activity, body temperature
  • Activity of anterior pituitary gland
  • Encloses 3rd ventricle
20
Q

What does the midbrain contain?

A
  • Superior and inferior colliculi (visual and auditory reflex centres)
  • Red nucleus (subcortical motor centre)
  • Substantia nigra (involved in reward-seeking, motor learning and others)
  • Surrounds cerebral aqueduct
21
Q

What is the function of the pons?

A
  • Conduction area (connections between forebrain and cerebellum)
  • Nuclei contribute to regulation of respiration as well as hearing and balance
22
Q

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

A
  • Pyramidal decussation (crossing of corticospinal axons) before entering SC
  • Vital centres regulating: respiratory rhyth, HR, BP
  • Non-vital centres regulating: cough, sneeze, swallowing and vomitting
23
Q

How does the cerebellum connect to the brain stem?

A

BY superior, middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles

24
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum?

A

Processes and interprets impulses from motor cortex and sensory pathways and coordinates motor activity for smooth, well-timed movements - important for balance

25
Q

Where does the spinal cord extend from?

A

Foramen magnum to the end of the L1 vertebra

26
Q

ligaments of the spine

A

learn

27
Q

What is the inferior end of the spinal cord called?

A

Conus medullaris

28
Q

What are the layers of the dura mater called in the cranium?

A
  • Outer = periosteal layer

- Inner meningeal layer

29
Q

What do ventral horns contain?

A

Cell bodies of motor neurons

30
Q

What do the dorsal horns contain?

A

Cell bodies of sensory neurons

31
Q

What is carried in dorsal columns?

A

Sensory information from from somatic mechanoreceptors

32
Q

Where does the spinal cord end in neonates?

A

L3

33
Q

Where does the dura mater end?

A

Lower border of S2 where it fuses with the filum terminale at the cocyx
- Covers roots of spinal nerves as they pass through the intervertebral foramina

34
Q

What does the arachnoid mater attach to the pia mater via?

A

Arachnoid trabeculae

35
Q

Where does the arachnoid mater end?

A

S2

- Encloses caudal equina (as lumbar cistern)

36
Q

What does the pia mater become at the inferior end of the cord?

A

Filum terminale (attaches to coccyx)

37
Q

What are the extensions of the pia mater called which attach it to the arachnoid mater?

A

Denticulate ligaments

38
Q

What is the arterial supply of the spinal cord?

A
  • 2 Posterior spinal arteries
  • 1 Anterior spinal artery
  • Segmental medullary arteries
39
Q

What is the largest anterior segmental medullary artery?

A

The artery of Adamkiewicz

40
Q

What is the pyramidal decussation

A

the crossing of the fibers of the corticospinal tracts from one side of the central nervous system to the other near the junction of the medulla and the spinal cord

41
Q

What is the cerebral aqueduct?

A

Located within the midbrain it connects the 3rd ventricle to the 4th
- Contains CSF

MD4001 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions