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NPDESI > Intro to Network Programmability > Flashcards

Intro to Network Programmability Flashcards

1
Q

define SDN

A
  1. decoupling of data and control plane
  2. intelligence and state info centralized
  3. underlaying infrastructure is abstracted (i.e. network virtualization)
  4. leveraging APIs
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2
Q

what SDN is not

A
  1. an easy button
  2. end state
  3. designed to replace engineers
  4. mandate for everyone to become coders
  5. revolution of networking (old concepts)
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3
Q

SDN offers

A

new ways of managing, building and operating networks

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4
Q

the planes of traditional networks are…

A
  1. data - traffic
  2. control - routing protocols
  3. management - management protocols like SSH and SNMP
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5
Q

in traditional networks all planes are located where..

A

within a single device

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6
Q

where are the planes located in SDN “purist” model

A

control planes is centralized, data plane is de-centralized / per device

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7
Q

what is hybrid SDN

A

control plane is partly on devices and partly on controllers

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8
Q

what is the biggest problem of SDN “purist” model

A

control plane scalability

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9
Q

why SDN is needed

A
  1. device by device configuration is inefficient
  2. faster execution with reduced errors
  3. single point of management
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10
Q

name current industry trends

A
  1. open source software
  2. APIs
  3. SDN
  4. DevOps
  5. Application centric networking
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11
Q

what is open source software

A

software developed by a community that is free to use under GNU license

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12
Q

what are the benefits of open source software

A

highly customizable, lower capex and thus flexibility

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13
Q

what network programmability seeks

A

reduced human to machine interaction by utilizing APis

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14
Q

what is DevOps

A

a cultural trend for more agility and better quality in product development and maintenance

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15
Q

what tools DevOps culture claims to give

A

better automation and configuration management tools

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16
Q

what is Openflow

A
  • came from Stanford
  • imperative control over FIB tables
  • a protocol between switches and controllers
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17
Q

what is Contiv

A

provides operating policy for container based applications

18
Q

what is FD.io

A
  • accelerates NFV data planes

- vector packet processing

19
Q

what is OvS

A
  • opensource virtual switch

- supports Openflow and OVSDB

20
Q

what is Openstack

A
  • opensource IaaS / cloud compute solution
  • collection of APIs
  • Neutron plugin provides networking
21
Q

what is Open Daylight

A
  • opensource SDN controler
22
Q

define goals of open source networking software

A
  • open access to the underlying OS
  • community involvement in continuous improvement
  • open APIs
  • open protocol standards
23
Q

list on-box scripting and automation methods

A

TCL, EEM, Power on Auto Provisioning (NX-OS), Python, Smart Install, Smartport Macros

24
Q

list off-box capabilities of modern programmable devices

A

REST, NETCONF, RESTCONF, SDK, Linux, DevOps (automation) tools

25
Q

REST APIs characteristics

A

client-server, use HTTP(s) transport, stateless, resource based, use nouns instead of verbs

26
Q

what is an SDK

A

software development kit allows the user to create their custom applications

27
Q

what is SW-Only Network Virtualization

A

Software-Only Network Virtualization solutions offer a native software-only approach that builds overlay tunnels among hypervisors in the data center.

28
Q

what are the drawbacks of SW-Only Network Virtualization

A
  • no support for physical workloads

- performance limitations

29
Q

what CALMS stands for

A
  • Culture
  • Automation
  • Lean
  • Measurement
  • Sharing
30
Q

three goals of DevOps are

A
  1. increase deployment frequency
  2. faster time-to-market
  3. reduce errors / failure rate
31
Q

characteristics of DevOps culture

A
  1. Workplace trust
  2. Respect
  3. Collaboration
  4. Shared goals
  5. Being supportive
  6. A sense of no blame/no victims
32
Q

what does the current network operation look like

A
  1. CLI used manually
  2. Configuration is one device at a time
  3. Copying and pasting
  4. Configuration errors
  5. Tasks not repeatable
  6. Notepad automation
33
Q

what does an automated network operation look like

A
  1. Version control for monitoring changes
  2. Version control is the source of the truth
  3. Unit and integration testing before changes are deployed
34
Q

what are the types of network automation

A
  1. Device Provisioning
  2. Data Collection & Telemetry
  3. Compliance Checks
  4. Reporting
  5. Troubleshooting
35
Q

what happens in compliancy checks

A

auditing large amount of devices for configuration issues and automatically fixing them assisted by regression testing

36
Q

list traditional methods of managing a network device

A

telnet, SSH, SNMP

37
Q

list programmable methods of managing a network devices

A

NX-API, REST, RESTCONF, NETCONF, gRPC, SOAP

38
Q

supported APIs on IOS-XE

A

RESTCONF, NETCONF

39
Q

supported APIs on IOS-XR

A

RESTCONF, NETCONF, gRPC

40
Q

supported APIs on NX-OS

A

NX-API CLI, NX-API REST, NETCONF

41
Q

supported API on ASA, ACI and APIC-EM

A

REST

NPDESI (21 decks)

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